Transcriptional control of triglyceride metabolism: fibrates and fatty acids change the expression of the LPL and apo C-III genes by activating the nuclear receptor PPAR
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The three types of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR), alpha, beta (or delta), and gamma, each with a specific tissue distribution, compose a subfamily of the nuclear hormone receptor gene family. Although peroxisome proliferators, including ...
Considering the link between plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and a protective effect against coronary artery disease as well as the suggested beneficial effects of retinoids on the production of the major HDL apolipoprotein (apo), ...
Ocular tissues are highly dependent on lipid turnover and metabolism, which requires an uptake mechanism for fatty acids from lipoproteins. We studied the activity and expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of plasma triglyc ...
Epidemiological and transgenic animal studies have implicated apo C-III as a major determinant of plasma triglyceride metabolism. Since fibrates are very efficient in lowering triglycerides, it was investigated whether fibrates regulate apo C-III gene expr ...
The long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase (ACS) gene gives rise to three transcripts containing different first exons preceded by specific regulatory regions A, B, and C. Exon-specific oligonucleotide hybridization indicated that only A-ACS mRNA is express ...
The molecular mechanism by which hypolipidemic fibrates and antidiabetic thiazolidinediones exert their hypotriglyceridemic action are discussed. Increased activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), a key lipolytic enzyme, and decreased levels of apolipoprotein ...
Increased activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) may explain the hypotriglyceridemic effects of fibrates, thiazolidinediones and fatty acids, which are known activators (and/or ligands) of the various peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Trea ...
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors that can be activated by fatty acids and peroxisome proliferators. The PPAR alpha subtype mediates the pleiotropic effects of these activators in liver and regulates several ...
The regulation by fibrates and dietary fatty acids of the hepatic gene expression of apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and A-II, the major protein constituents of high-density lipoproteins, as well as of acyl-CoA oxidase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the peroxisoma ...
The regulation of liver apolipoprotein (apo) A-I gene expression by fibrates was studied in human apo A-I transgenic mice containing a human genomic DNA fragment driving apo A-I expression in liver. Treatment with fenofibrate (0.5% wt/wt) for 7 d increased ...
