Xol INXS: role of the liver X and the farnesol X receptors
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Intracellular and extracellular cholesterol levels are tightly maintained within a narrow concentration range by an intricate transcriptional control mechanism. Excess cholesterol can be converted into oxysterols, signaling molecules, which modulate the ac ...
The catabolism of cholesterol into bile acids is regulated by oxysterols and bile acids, which induce or repress transcription of the pathway's rate-limiting enzyme cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). The nuclear receptor LXRalpha binds oxysterols and ...
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and its partner the retinoid X receptor (RXR) are two nuclear receptors that are expressed mainly in adipose tissue and which have a role in lipid metabolism and insulin sensitisation. New si ...
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors, which heterodimerize with the retinoid X receptor and bind to peroxisome proliferator response elements in the promoters of regulated genes. Despite the wealth of information availa ...
The major components of soybean flour (ie, proteins, fibres, and isoflavones) have been investigated as possibly responsible for the cholesterol-lowering effects of soy-based diets. The evidence for and against the involvement of each component is reviewed ...
Liver X receptors (LXRs) are nuclear receptors that act as metabolic sensors for cellular cholesterol (Xol) and oxysterol content. Increased oxysterol levels activate LXRs, which then induce: the removal of cholesterol out of peripheral cells; transport of ...
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is highly expressed in the colon mucosa and its activation has been reported to protect against colitis. We studied the involvement of PPARgamma and its heterodimeric partner, the retinoid X ...
Treatment with fibrates, a widely used class of lipid-modifying agents, results in a substantial decrease in plasma triglycerides and is usually associated with a moderate decrease in LDL cholesterol and an increase in HDL cholesterol concentrations. Recen ...
Thiazolidinediones are antidiabetic agents, which not only improve glucose metabolism but also reduce blood triglyceride concentrations. These compounds are synthetic ligands for PPAR gamma, a transcription factor belonging to the nuclear receptor subfamil ...
Overexpression of the adipocyte differentiation and determination factor-1 (ADD-1) or sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) induces the expression of numerous genes involved in lipid metabolism, including lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Therefore ...
