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Simultaneous prediction of Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst inactivation and bromate formation during ozonation of synthetic waters

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Intensification of slow reversible chemical transformation: carboxylation of resorcinol as a case study

Lioubov Kiwi, Charline Berguerand, Anne-Laure Dessimoz

Conjugated kinetic and thermodynamic modeling is suggested as a suitable approach to identify a novel process window (NPW) for the intensification of slow reversible reactions. The aqueous Kolbe-Schmitt synthesis of beta-resorcylic acid is taken as a model ...

De Gruyter2013

A non-thermal plasma rector with a catalytic electrode made of sintered metal fibres (SMFs) was tested for the oxidative decomposition of a model VOC toluene. The input energy was varied in the range 160-295 J/I by varying the applied voltage between 12.5 ...

Elsevier2012

Biphasic Model Describing Soybean Oil Epoxidation with H2O2 in Continuous Reactors

Albert Renken

Epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) is produced in industry by reacting soybean oil, at 60-70 degrees C, with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of formic or acetic acid. A small amount of sulphuric or phosphoric acid is necessary to catalyze the oxidation of the ...

2012

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The kinetics of oxidation and disinfection processes during ozonation in a full-scale reactor treating secondary wastewater effluent were investigated for seven ozone doses ranging from 0.21 to 1.24 g O-3 g(-1) dissolved organic carbon (DOG). Substances re ...

2011

Novel design of a microstructured reactor allowing fast temperature oscillations

Albert Renken, Lioubov Kiwi, Martin Luther

Two types of stainless steel microstructured reactors for catalytic gas-phase reactions have been developed and characterized with respect to their thermal behaviour under non-stationary temperature conditions. One of the reactors used (FTC-I) allowed peri ...

2008

Modeling Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst inactivation and bromate in a flow-through ozone contactor treating natural water

Urs von Gunten

A reactive transport model was developed to simultaneously predict Cryptosporidium parvuum oocyst inactivation and bromate formation during ozonation of natural water. A mechanistic model previously established to predict bromate formation in organic-free ...

2007

Predicting the disinfection performance of a full-scale reactor in drinking water treatment is associated with considerable uncertainty. In view of quantitative risk analysis, this study assesses the uncertainty involved in predicting inactivation of Crypt ...

2007

Compliance with the U.S. drinking water standard for arsenic (As) of 10 μg L-1 is required in January 2006. This will necessitate implementation of treatment technologies for As removal by thousands of water suppliers. Although a variety of such technologi ...

2006

Reactivity and neutron emission measurements of highly burnt PWR fuel rod samples

Rakesh Chawla, Fabian Jatuff

Fuel rods with burnup values beyond 50GWd/t are characterised by relatively large amounts of fission products and a high abundance of major and minor actinides. Of particular interest is the change in the reactivity of the fuel as a function of burnup and ...

Elsevier2006

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Electromagnetic wave propagation effects can give rise to important limitations for processing uniformity in large area, radio-frequency (rf) capacitive plasma reactors. The electromagnetic wavefield solution is derived for a capacitive, high-frequency, cy ...

2006