Jules Henri DebrayJules Henri Debray (26 July 1827, in Amiens – 19 July 1888, in Paris) was a French chemist. In 1847 he began his studies at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, and several years later became an instructor at the Lycée Charlemagne (1855). From 1875 onward, he taught classes in chemistry at the École Normale Supérieure, where in 1881 he succeeded Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville as professor of chemistry. He is best remembered for his collaborative research with Sainte-Claire Deville involving the properties of platinum metals, in particular, the melting of platinum and its alloys.
Amedeo AvogadroLorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro, Count of Quaregna and Cerreto (ˌævəˈɡɑːdroʊ, also USˌɑːv-, ameˈdɛːo avoˈɡaːdro; 9 August 1776 - 9 July 1856) was an Italian scientist, most noted for his contribution to molecular theory now known as Avogadro's law, which states that equal volumes of gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure will contain equal numbers of molecules. In tribute to him, the ratio of the number of elementary entities (atoms, molecules, ions or other particles) in a substance to its amount of substance (the latter having the unit mole), , is known as the Avogadro constant.
SagesseSagesse (literal trans. "Wisdom") is a volume of French poetry by Paul Verlaine. First published in 1881 (see 1880), it was important in the symbolist and modernist movements. The subject matter of these poems deals with themes relating to maturing. The poems contained in this volume include: Beauté des femmes. Bon chevalier masqué. C'est la fête du blé, c'est la fête du pain. Désormais le Sage, puni. Du fond du grabat. Écoutez la chanson bien douce. Et j'ai revu l'enfant unique : il m'a semblé.
Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire DevilleHenri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville (11 March 1818 - 1 July 1881) was a French chemist. He was born in the island of St Thomas in the Danish West Indies, where his father was French consul. Together with his elder brother Charles, he was educated in Paris at the collège Rollin. In 1844, having graduated as a doctor of medicine and doctor of science, he was appointed to organize the new faculty of science at Besançon, where he acted as dean and professor of chemistry from 1845 to 1851.
1840s in sociologyThe following events related to sociology occurred in the 1840s. Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's What is Property? is published. Auguste Comte published Volume 5 of The Course of Positive Philosophy: La Partie Historique De La Philosophie Sociale Auguste Comte publishes Volume 6 of The Course in Positive Philosophy: Le Complément De La Philosophie Sociale Et Les Conclusions Générales, completing the series. Auguste Comte's Sociologie Comme Instruction Affirmative is published Auguste Comte's Social Statics and Social Dynamics is published Søren Kierkegaard's Either/Or is published in two volumes.
Pierre GranchePierre Granche (March 14, 1948 – September 30, 1997) was a French-Canadian sculptor. Having studied at the École des Beaux-Arts de Montréal and the Université de Vincennes in Paris, he taught in the art history department of the Université de Montréal for more than twenty years (1975–1997) until his death from lung cancer in Montreal. As a sculptor, his works are mainly abstract semi-representational pieces, many in aluminium. He was highly influential in the Quebec art world for his method of integrating art and architecture.
Pierre Louis MaupertuisPierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (ˌmoʊpərˈtwiː; mopɛʁtɥi; 1698 – 27 July 1759) was a French mathematician, philosopher and man of letters. He became the Director of the Académie des Sciences, and the first President of the Prussian Academy of Science, at the invitation of Frederick the Great. Maupertuis made an expedition to Lapland to determine the shape of the Earth. He is often credited with having invented the principle of least action; a version is known as Maupertuis's principle – an integral equation that determines the path followed by a physical system.
Pierre DuhemPierre Maurice Marie Duhem (pjɛʁ mɔʁis maʁi dy.ɛm, - moʁ-; 9 June 1861 – 14 September 1916) was a French theoretical physicist who worked on thermodynamics, hydrodynamics, and the theory of elasticity. Duhem was also a historian of science, noted for his work on the European Middle Ages, which is regarded as having created the field of the history of medieval science. As a philosopher of science, he is remembered principally for his views on the indeterminacy of experimental criteria (see Duhem–Quine thesis).
Antoine-Henri JominiAntoine-Henri Jomini (ʒɔmini; 6 March 1779 - 22 March 1869) Swiss military officer who served as a general in French and later in Russian service, and one of the most celebrated writers on the Napoleonic art of war. Jomini was largely self-taught in military strategy, and his ideas are a staple at military academies, the United States Military Academy at West Point being a prominent example; his theories were thought to have affected many officers who later served in the American Civil War.
Nabilla BenattiaNabilla Leona Grange Benattia-Vergara (; naˈbilla leˈoːna ˈɡrand͡ʒe bɛnatˈtiːa, nabila benatja; born February 5, 1992), commonly known by her first name Nabilla, is a French-Swiss model and reality TV personality. She has appeared in L'Amour est aveugle (2009), Hollywood Girls (2012–2014), Les Anges de la télé-réalité (2012–2013) and her own TV show Allô Nabilla (2013–2014). She became known in France for her one-liner "non, mais allô quoi" on les Anges de la télé-réalité.
