Publication

Access to beta-Lactams by Enantioselective Palladium(0)-Catalyzed C(sp(3))-H Alkylation

Abstract

beta-Lactams are very important structural motifs because of their broad biological activities as well as their propensity to engage in ring-opening reactions. Transitionmetal- catalyzed C-H functionalizations have emerged as strategy enabling yet uncommon highly efficient disconnections. In contrast to the significant progress of Pd-0-catalyzed C-H functionalization for aryl-aryl couplings, related reactions involving the formation of saturated C(sp(3))-C(sp(3)) bonds are elusive. Reported here is an asymmetric C-H functionalization approach to beta-lactams using readily accessible chloroacetamide substrates. Important aspects of this transformation are challenging C(sp(3))-C(sp(3)) and strain-building reductive eliminations to for the four-membered ring. In general, the blactams are formed in excellent yields and enantioselectivities using a bulky taddol phosphoramidite ligand in combination with adamantyl carboxylic acid as cocatalyst.

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Related concepts (25)
Cross-coupling reaction
In organic chemistry, a cross-coupling reaction is a reaction where two different fragments are joined. Cross-couplings are a subset of the more general coupling reactions. Often cross-coupling reactions require metal catalysts. One important reaction type is this: (R, R' = organic fragments, usually aryle; M = main group center such as Li or MgX; X = halide) These reactions are used to form carbon–carbon bonds but also carbon-heteroatom bonds. Cross-coupling reaction are a subset of coupling reactions.
Hiyama coupling
The Hiyama coupling is a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of organosilanes with organic halides used in organic chemistry to form carbon–carbon bonds (C-C bonds). This reaction was discovered in 1988 by Tamejiro Hiyama and Yasuo Hatanaka as a method to form carbon-carbon bonds synthetically with chemo- and regioselectivity. The Hiyama coupling has been applied to the synthesis of various natural products.
Kumada coupling
In organic chemistry, the Kumada coupling is a type of cross coupling reaction, useful for generating carbon–carbon bonds by the reaction of a Grignard reagent and an organic halide. The procedure uses transition metal catalysts, typically nickel or palladium, to couple a combination of two alkyl, aryl or vinyl groups. The groups of Robert Corriu and Makoto Kumada reported the reaction independently in 1972. The reaction is notable for being among the first reported catalytic cross-coupling methods.
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