Publication

Manipulating the reaction path of the CO2 hydrogenation reaction in molecular sieves

Davide Ferri, Elsa Callini, Rolf Erni
2015
Journal paper
Abstract

We demonstrate that the kinetics of the Sabatier reaction catalysed by sorption catalysts depends on the nanostructure of the catalyst-sorbent system. The catalysts are prepared by ion exchange of a nickel nitrate solution in two zeolites with different pore sizes. Besides their different pore sizes - which enables or hinders the adsorption of the reactants, intermediates and products in the inner of the crystallites - the catalyst systems have slightly different size distributions of the Ni-particles. By studying various catalysts with different Ni-contents we can attribute different catalytic activity and in particular the shape selectivity of the zeolite support. Therefore we focus on the microstructural characterization of the catalyst. We observe that the selectivity for methane is greatly enhanced if the pore size of the support is larger than 5 angstrom, while pore sizes of less than 3 angstrom reduce the overall conversion rate and the selectivity for methane. Thus, Ni on 3A zeolites can be used as low temperature catalysts for the reversed water-gas shift reaction to produce carbon monoxide.

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Related concepts (32)
Water–gas shift reaction
The water–gas shift reaction (WGSR) describes the reaction of carbon monoxide and water vapor to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen: CO + H2O CO2 + H2 The water gas shift reaction was discovered by Italian physicist Felice Fontana in 1780. It was not until much later that the industrial value of this reaction was realized. Before the early 20th century, hydrogen was obtained by reacting steam under high pressure with iron to produce iron oxide and hydrogen.
Hydrogen storage
Several methods exist for storing hydrogen. These include mechanical approaches such as using high pressures and low temperatures, or employing chemical compounds that release H2 upon demand. While large amounts of hydrogen are produced by various industries, it is mostly consumed at the site of production, notably for the synthesis of ammonia. For many years hydrogen has been stored as compressed gas or cryogenic liquid, and transported as such in cylinders, tubes, and cryogenic tanks for use in industry or as propellant in space programs.
Hydrogen production
Hydrogen production is the family of industrial methods for generating hydrogen gas. As of 2020, the majority of hydrogen (~95%) is produced from fossil fuels by steam reforming of natural gas and other light hydrocarbons, partial oxidation of heavier hydrocarbons, and coal gasification. Other methods of hydrogen production include biomass gasification, methane pyrolysis, and electrolysis of water. Methane pyrolysis and water electrolysis can use any source of electricity including solar power.
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