GreA and GreB Enhance Expression of Escherichia coil RNA Polymerase Promoters in a Reconstituted Transcription-Translation System
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Author summary Transcription of genes by the RNA polymerase II enzyme initiates at a genomic region termed the core promoter. The core promoter is a regulatory region that may contain diverse short DNA sequence motifs/elements that confer specific properti ...
Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) determine cellular behaviour, and ultimately the functioning of single- and multicellular organisms. Transcription factors regulate gene expression by binding to DNA or via remodelling chromatin. Recent advances in biotechno ...
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax oncoprotein is required for viral gene expression. Tax transactivates the viral promoter by recruiting specific transcription factors but also by interfering with general transcription factors involved in ...
Gene-regulatory networks are ubiquitous in nature and critical for bottom-up engineering of synthetic networks. Transcriptional repression is a fundamental function that can be tuned at the level of DNA, protein, and cooperative protein-protein interaction ...
Gene expression in eukaryotes is a complex multi-step process. It starts in the nucleus with transcription, the synthesis of a mRNA copy from a DNA template. While in the nucleus, the RNA transcript is subject to multiple co- and post-transcriptional modif ...
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a fundamental enzyme that controls energy homeostasis, through orchestrating the cellular response to a reduction in energy availability. Under conditions of cellular energy stress AMPK senses the decrease in ATP leve ...
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes by recognizing and binding to specific DNA promoter sequences. In higher eukaryotes, it remains unclear how the duration of TF binding to DNA relates to downstream tran ...
Telomeres are the nucleoprotein structures at the ends of linear chromosomes. Telomeres are transcribed into long non-coding Telomeric Repeat-Containing RNA (TERRA), whose functions rely on its ability to associate with telomeric chromatin. The conserved T ...
Cell-free systems have emerged as a versatile platform for constructing complex biological systems from the bottom-up. In particular, they enable the rapid engineering and characterization of gene regulatory networks, a critical cellular subsystem that all ...
DNA encrypts the composition of the cellular material that is synthesized through transcription and translation. Never-theless, gene regulation mechanisms determine the final amount of transcribed and translated material. Transcription factors (TF) are a c ...