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A novel and simple analytical expression to describe the Brillouin gain spectral broadening as a function of the spatial resolution in time-domain Brillouin distributed fiber sensors is deduced. The proposed model is experimentally validated using a pump-probe Brillouin sensing setup and also compared with numerical and approximate results. In addition, a compact mathematical form is presented for the peak gain reduction resulting from incomplete acoustic-wave activation in Brillouin sensors with short spatial resolution. Both mathematical expressions can be used together to quantitatively predict the impact of the spatial resolution on the signal-to-noise ratio and frequency uncertainty of the sensor.
Luc Thévenaz, Malak Mohamed Hossameldeen Omar Mohamed Galal, Suneetha Sebastian
Frédéric Courbin, Georges Meylan, Gianluca Castignani, Maurizio Martinelli, Slobodan Ilic, Yi Wang, Long Wang, Richard Massey, Marcello Farina