Modeling of Quench Protection Concepts for Canted-Cosine-Theta Type High-Field Magnets

An innovative high-field superconducting magnet of Canted-Cosine-Theta (CCT) type has been proposed for Future Circular Collider 16 T dipole magnet design. The unique mechanical structure intercepts the accumulated forces lowering the stress on the windings, constituting intrinsic stress management in high-field Nb3Sn accelerator magnets. However, this structure also constitutes a barrier for heat to quickly propagate in case of a quench. To succeed in the CCT-type magnet design and construction, quench protection is a challenging task that requires a detailed investigation of the electrothermal behavior of the magnet. In this paper, the protectability of a two-layer short model CD1 (Canted Dipole) built at PSI is studied using multiphysics simulations. Two protection methods are considered: energy extraction and coupling-loss induced quench. The 2D User-Defined Elements (UDEs) developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in ANSYS Parametric Design Language, which support the multi-dependence material properties and include the effect of inter-filament coupling currents, are adapted and used in the coupled electrothermal, electrodynamic and electrical circuits calculations. A first-of-a-kind CCT-type magnet protection study using UDEs is presented. The generic model method will be validated through CD1 cold tests. Furthermore, these studies will prepare the ground for four-layer CCT protection concepts for FCC.

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Andreas Pautz, Bernhard Auchmann, Jiani Gao
2020
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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/276951?ln=en

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Related concepts (4)

Dipole magnet

A dipole magnet is the simplest type of magnet. It has two poles, one north and one south. Its magnetic field lines form simple closed loops which emerge from the north pole, re-enter at the south pole, then pass through the body of the magnet. The simplest example of a dipole magnet is a bar magnet. In particle accelerators, a dipole magnet is the electromagnet used to create a homogeneous magnetic field over some distance.

Magnet

A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field. This magnetic field is invisible but is responsible for the most notable property of a magnet: a force that pulls on other ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, steel, nickel, cobalt, etc. and attracts or repels other magnets. A permanent magnet is an object made from a material that is magnetized and creates its own persistent magnetic field. An everyday example is a refrigerator magnet used to hold notes on a refrigerator door.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is a federally funded research and development center in Livermore, California, United States. Originally established in 1952, the laboratory now is sponsored by the United States Department of Energy and administered by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC. The lab was originally established as the University of California Radiation Laboratory, Livermore Branch in 1952 in response to the detonation of the Soviet Union's first atomic bomb during the Cold War.