Performance of a high vacuum, high temperature compatible millimeter-range viewing dump for the vertical ECE experiment on TCV

Ambrogio Fasoli, Laurie Porte
2021
Journal paper

A high vacuum and high temperature compatible viewing dump, made of MACOR, was designed and installed in TCV for Vertical ECE experiments in the 75-110 GHz frequency range. Measurements of the dump prior to installation in the tokamak showed in more than 99% of absorption of the incoming radiation. The dump has remained in-vessel more than 7 years, protected from direct plasma exposure by carbon tiles. However it has still been exposed to carbon and boron deposition. Very recently, ex-vessel and in-vessel measurements were carried out over an extended frequency range up to 170 GHz to assess the change in performance of the dump due to exposure in the Tokamak. The new results show that the dump performance has not been adversely affected by seven years of in-vessel exposure and in fact match the original measurements, showing that the dump is still suitable for Vertical ECE experiments on TCV.

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Ambrogio Fasoli, Laurie Porte
2021
Journal paper

Abstract

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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/284353?ln=en

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Tokamak

A tokamak (ˈtoʊkəmæk; токамáк) is a device which uses a powerful magnetic field to confine plasma in the shape of a torus. The tokamak is one of several types of magnetic confinement devices being developed to produce controlled thermonuclear fusion power. , it was the leading candidate for a practical fusion reactor. Tokamaks were initially conceptualized in the 1950s by Soviet physicists Igor Tamm and Andrei Sakharov, inspired by a letter by Oleg Lavrentiev. The first working tokamak was attributed to the work of Natan Yavlinsky on the T-1 in 1958.

Spherical tokamak

A spherical tokamak is a type of fusion power device based on the tokamak principle. It is notable for its very narrow profile, or aspect ratio. A traditional tokamak has a toroidal confinement area that gives it an overall shape similar to a donut, complete with a large hole in the middle. The spherical tokamak reduces the size of the hole as much as possible, resulting in a plasma shape that is almost spherical, often compared to a cored apple. The spherical tokamak is sometimes referred to as a spherical torus and often shortened to ST.

Magnetic confinement fusion

Magnetic confinement fusion is an approach to generate thermonuclear fusion power that uses magnetic fields to confine fusion fuel in the form of a plasma. Magnetic confinement is one of two major branches of fusion energy research, along with inertial confinement fusion. The magnetic approach began in the 1940s and absorbed the majority of subsequent development. Fusion reactions combine light atomic nuclei such as hydrogen to form heavier ones such as helium, producing energy.

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