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Sensor-based control strategies for integration of epidural electrical stimulation in rehabilitation after spinal cord injury

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Methods for Functional Assessment After C7 Spinal Cord Hemisection in the Rhesus Monkey

Grégoire Courtine

Background. Reliable outcome measures are essential for preclinical modeling of spinal cord injury (SCI) in primates. Measures need to be sensitive to both increases and decreases in function in order to demonstrate potential positive or negative effects o ...

2012

Objective: The periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), a known modulator of somatic pain transmission, shows evidence of interictal functional and structural abnormalities in migraineurs, which may contribute to hyperexcitability along spinal and trigeminal noci ...

2011

Phase-dependent modulation of monosynaptic reflexes has been reported for several muscles of the lower limb of uninjured rats and humans. To assess whether this step-phase-dependent modulation can be mediated at the level of the human spinal cord, we compa ...

2010

Ryczko D, Charrier V, Ijspeert A, Cabelguen JM. Segmental oscillators in axial motor circuits of the salamander: distribution and bursting mechanisms. J Neurophysiol 104: 2677-2692, 2010. First published September 1, 2010; doi:10.1152/jn.00479.2010. The rh ...

American Physiological Society2010

Transformation of nonfunctional spinal circuits into functional states after the loss of brain input

Grégoire Courtine, Pavel Musienko, Rubia van den Brand, Michael V. Sofroniew

After complete spinal cord transections that removed all supraspinal inputs in adult rats, combinations of serotonergic agonists and epidural electrical stimulation were able to acutely transform spinal networks from nonfunctional to highly functional and ...

2009

Over the past 20 years, tremendous advances have been made in the field of spinal cord injury research. Yet, consumed with individual pieces of the puzzle, we have failed as a community to grasp the magnitude of the sum of our findings. Our current knowled ...

2009

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Severe lesions of the rodent or human spinal cord lead to permanent paralysis of the legs. Here, we review novel evidences suggesting that interventions combining pharmacological and electrical stimulations of the spinal cord have a high potential to promo ...

2009

An Implantable Microactuated Intrafascicular Electrode for Peripheral Nerves

Silvestro Micera

Important advancements have been recently achieved in the field of neural interfaces to restore lost sensory and motor functions. The aim of this letter was to develop an innovative approach to increase the selectivity and the lifetime of polyimide-based i ...

2009

Training locomotor networks

Grégoire Courtine

For a complete adult spinal rat to regain some weight-bearing stepping capability, it appears that a sequence of specific proprioceptive inputs that are similar, but not identical, from step to step must be generated over repetitive step cycles. Furthermor ...

Elsevier2008

Recovery of supraspinal control of stepping via indirect propriospinal relay connections after spinal cord injury

Grégoire Courtine, Michael V. Sofroniew

Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) in humans and experimental animals are often associated with varying degrees of spontaneous functional recovery during the first months after injury. Such recovery is widely attributed to axons spared from injury that descend fr ...

2008