René PerinRené Perin (1 November 1774 – 9 May 1858) was a 19th-century French playwright, publisher, translator and novelist. A lawyer and sous-préfet of Montluçon during the Hundred Days, he resigned from his positions when the Bourbons returned to power. He used several pseudonyms such as René de Biborium-Chateauterne or René Biborium de Chateauterne as a writer. His plays were presented on the most important Parisian stages of his time including the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique, the Théâtre du Vaudeville, the Théâtre de l'Odéon, the Théâtre de la Gaîté, and the Théâtre des Variétés.
François Victor Mérat de VaumartoiseFrançois Victor Mérat de Vaumartoise (5 July 1780 in Paris – 13 March 1851 in Paris) was a French physician, botanist and mycologist. In 1803 he obtained his medical doctorate with a thesis on heavy metal poisoning, afterwards serving as chef de clinique at the Hôpital de la Charité in Paris. He was a member of the Académie nationale de médecine, a correspondent member of the Société linnéenne de Lyon (1824–1851) and a member of the Société nationale et centrale d'agriculture.
Marcel BollMarcel Boll (15 September 1886, Paris – 12 August 1971, Paris) - French scientist, sociologist, philosopher, educator, scientific journalist (journalist specializing in scientific topics), and a founding member (1930) of the Rationalist Union (French: Union rationaliste). Boll was one of the most prolific contributors of articles to Les Cahiers Rationalistes (The Rationalist Notebooks) and Raison Présente (Reason Present), two journals published by the Rationalist Union.
Pierre Louis MaupertuisPierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (ˌmoʊpərˈtwiː; mopɛʁtɥi; 1698 – 27 July 1759) was a French mathematician, philosopher and man of letters. He became the Director of the Académie des Sciences, and the first President of the Prussian Academy of Science, at the invitation of Frederick the Great. Maupertuis made an expedition to Lapland to determine the shape of the Earth. He is often credited with having invented the principle of least action; a version is known as Maupertuis's principle – an integral equation that determines the path followed by a physical system.
Prostitution in FranceProstitution in France (the exchange of sexual acts for money) was legal until April 2016, but several surrounding activities were illegal, like operating a brothel, living off the avails (pimping), and paying for sex with someone under the age of 18 (the age of consent for sex is 15). On 6 April 2016, the French National Assembly voted to punish customers of prostitutes by a fine of €1,500. In the Napoleonic era, France became the model for the regulatory approach to prostitution.
Claude VivierClaude Vivier (klod 'vivje ; baptised as Claude Roger; 14 April 1948 7 March 1983) was a Canadian composer, pianist, poet and ethnomusicologist of Québécois origin. After studying with Karlheinz Stockhausen in Cologne, Vivier became an innovative member of the "German Feedback" movement, a subset of what is now known as spectral music. He was also among the first composers in either Europe or the Americas to integrate elements of Balinese music and gamelan in his compositions, alongside Lou Harrison, John Cage and fellow Québécois Colin McPhee.
History of the Romanian languageThe history of the Romanian language started in Roman provinces north of the Jireček Line in Classical antiquity but there are 3 main hypothesis around its exact territory: the autochthony thesis (it developed in left-Danube Dacia only), the discontinuation thesis (it developed in right-Danube provinces only), and the “as-well-as” thesis that supports the language development on both sides of the Danube.
Grammatical numberIn linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more"). English and other languages present number categories of singular or plural, both of which are cited by using the hash sign (#) or by the numero signs "No." and "Nos." respectively. Some languages also have a dual, trial and paucal number or other arrangements.
