Physical investigation of cavitation vortex collapse
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The present work is a contribution to the physical analysis and numerical simulation of the pressure surges in hydraulic machinery and connected conduit systems. Localized hydrodynamic instabilities including cavitation are prone to interact with the entir ...
With economical energy market strategies based on instantaneous pricings of electricity as function of the demand or the predictions, operators harness more hydroelectric facilities to off-design operating points to cover the variations of the electricity ...
Long spillways often include more than one chute aerator to assure an appropriate cavitation protection. The first aerator guarantees sufficient bottom air concentration along a limited streamwise distance attributed to deaeration. Further downstream, the ...
In alpine regions of Europe, river training works were typically the reason for the transformation of wide and braided rivers into linear river systems with a lack of structural diversity, i.e. gravel banks, islands, woody debris, riffles or pools. These i ...
The earth's surface is permanently exposed to the atmosphere and accordingly to strong wind forces in many regions. Aerodynamic entrainment, transport and redeposition of sand, soil or snow are able to considerably reshape the surface morphology and influe ...
Chute aerators are applied to high-velocity spillways to entrain air into the flow so that cavitation damage is avoided. Air entrainment occurs locally at the aerator, whereas further downstream the flow is deaerated. This process is relevant because it de ...
Density tagging velocimetry, a novel optical technique for point-wise measurement of flow velocity is proposed here. This new method is based on the detection and subsequent tracking of a local density variation deliberately inserted in the flow. The exper ...
The unique confinement of shock waves inside isolated liquid volumes amplifies the density of shock–liquid interactions. We investigate this universal principle through an interdisciplinary study of shock-induced cavitation inside liquid volumes, isolated ...
River and open-channel flows present complex three-dimensional (3D) structures in the water column and on the surface as a result of the existence of secondary currents driven by either centrifugal force or turbulence. This paper experimentally investigate ...
Impact load measurements were carried out in a high-speed cavitation loop by means of a conventional pressure sensor flush-mounted in the region of closure of the cavity where maximum damage was observed. The sensor was dynamically calibrated by the ball d ...