Gain-switched semiconductor laser driven soliton microcombs

Laser

A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The word laser is an anacronym that originated as an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. The first laser was built in 1960 by Theodore Maiman at Hughes Research Laboratories, based on theoretical work by Charles H. Townes and Arthur Leonard Schawlow. A laser differs from other sources of light in that it emits light that is coherent.

Q-switching

Q-switching, sometimes known as giant pulse formation or Q-spoiling, is a technique by which a laser can be made to produce a pulsed output beam. The technique allows the production of light pulses with extremely high (gigawatt) peak power, much higher than would be produced by the same laser if it were operating in a continuous wave (constant output) mode. Compared to modelocking, another technique for pulse generation with lasers, Q-switching leads to much lower pulse repetition rates, much higher pulse energies, and much longer pulse durations.

Carbon-dioxide laser

The carbon-dioxide laser (CO2 laser) was one of the earliest gas lasers to be developed. It was invented by Kumar Patel of Bell Labs in 1964 and is still one of the most useful types of laser. Carbon-dioxide lasers are the highest-power continuous-wave lasers that are currently available. They are also quite efficient: the ratio of output power to pump power can be as large as 20%. The CO2 laser produces a beam of infrared light with the principal wavelength bands centering on 9.6 and 10.6 micrometers (μm).

Gain-switched semiconductor laser driven soliton microcombs

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Wavelength-stabilized figure-of-9 thulium-doped all-fiber laser emitting 560 fs pulses

Dissipative Kerr soliton generation at 2μm in a silicon nitride microresonator

Disclination states in nonreciprocal topological networks

Wavelength-stabilized figure-of-9 thulium-doped all-fiber laser emitting 560 fs pulses

Dissipative Kerr soliton generation at 2μm in a silicon nitride microresonator

Disclination states in nonreciprocal topological networks