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Electric pulse fragmentation (EPF) is a novel comminution process where ‘lightning bolts’, or highly energetic electrical discharges, are applied to materials immersed in water. These discharges exploit the variability in electrical and acoustic properties ...
The purpose of the study is to determine the environmental and economic balance between the collection of wastes and their transport to a centralized recycling plant versus the displacement of a recycling plant near the waste source locations. Two systems ...
Paul Scherrer Institute, World Resources Forum2019
In 1791, the Loi relative aux découvertes utiles instituted a new patent system in France. Because patents were seen as the expression of the natural right of inventors, prior examination was abolished. However, only a few years after the law was passed, a ...
WEEE is Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment and its proper treatment is one of the challenges Europe is facing, because of economically essential materials recovery and of proper treatment of environmentally critical components they contain (CFC, PCB ...
Paul Scherrer Institute, World Resources Forum2019
In matters of patents of invention, Switzerland was a unique case in the nineteenth century. After a brief experiment between 1801 and 1803, the country remained without a patent system until 1888. Not only was this situation exceptional in Europe and espe ...
A robust and economically viable technology is under development for the recycling of technologically important rare earth (RE) metals from end-of-life lamp fluorescent powder (FP) e-waste. This is one of the first efforts to recycle RE from municipal e-wa ...
The large potential for waste resource and heat recovery in industry has been motivating research toward increasing efficiency. Process integration methods have proven to be effective tools in improving industrial sites while decreasing their resource and ...
The Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement, administered by the World Trade Organization, ensures the smooth functioning of the international patent system. It promises among other things that local and foreign firms are treated in ...
A Mixed Integer Linear Programming method for the optimal valorisation of regional waste heat, formulated for energy service companies, is proposed in this work. The model provides a framework to simultaneously optimise the multi-period exchange of waste h ...
In 1791, one year after the first US Patent Act, the French ‘Loi relative aux découvertes utiles’ sought to revolutionize the Ancien Régime’s privileges of invention, turning them into new patents or ‘brevets d’invention’. Not only did the law recast ci-de ...