Diskless nodeA diskless node (or diskless workstation) is a workstation or personal computer without disk drives, which employs network booting to load its operating system from a server. (A computer may also be said to act as a diskless node, if its disks are unused and network booting is used.) Diskless nodes (or computers acting as such) are sometimes known as network computers or hybrid clients. Hybrid client may either just mean diskless node, or it may be used in a more particular sense to mean a diskless node which runs some, but not all, applications remotely, as in the thin client computing architecture.
Traffic generation modelA traffic generation model is a stochastic model of the traffic flows or data sources in a communication network, for example a cellular network or a computer network. A packet generation model is a traffic generation model of the packet flows or data sources in a packet-switched network. For example, a web traffic model is a model of the data that is sent or received by a user's web-browser. These models are useful during the development of telecommunication technologies, in view to analyse the performance and capacity of various protocols, algorithms and network topologies .
Upstream (networking)In computer networking, upstream refers to the direction in which data can be transferred from the client to the server (uploading). This differs greatly from downstream not only in theory and usage, but also in that upstream speeds are usually at a premium. Whereas downstream speed is important to the average home user for purposes of downloading content, uploads are used mainly for web server applications and similar processes where the sending of data is critical. Upstream speeds are also important to users of peer-to-peer software.
Mini PCUn mini PC (ou SFF, small form factor) est un ordinateur compatible PC de petite taille (10 à de large, 10 à de long, 3 à d'épaisseur) conçu pour le besoin basique de consultation grand public du web en liaison filaire ou sans fil, le multimédia et pour le nomadisme commercial des entreprises. Il est utilisé aussi comme seconde machine bureautique chez des particuliers. Sa très faible consommation électrique et son absence de pièces mobiles le rendent intéressant en domotique.
Ring counterA ring counter is a type of counter composed of flip-flops connected into a shift register, with the output of the last flip-flop fed to the input of the first, making a "circular" or "ring" structure. There are two types of ring counters: A straight ring counter, also known as a one-hot counter, connects the output of the last shift register to the first shift register input and circulates a single one (or zero) bit around the ring.
Maître-esclaveLe maître-esclave est un modèle de communication ou de contrôle asymétrique dans lequel un dispositif ou un processus (le maître) contrôle un ou plusieurs autres dispositifs ou processus (les esclaves) et sert de centre de communication. Dans certains systèmes, un maître est sélectionné parmi un groupe de dispositifs éligibles, les autres dispositifs jouant le rôle d'esclaves. La terminologie maître-esclave a été utilisée pour la première fois en 1904.
Extinction ratioIn telecommunications, extinction ratio (re) is the ratio of two optical power levels of a digital signal generated by an optical source, e.g., a laser diode. The extinction ratio may be expressed as a fraction, in dB, or as a percentage. It may be given by where P1 is the optical power level generated when the light source is on, and P0 is the power level generated when the light source is off. The polarization extinction ratio (PER) is the ratio of optical powers of perpendicular polarizations, usually called TE (transverse electric) and TM (transverse magnetic).
Interconnect bottleneckThe interconnect bottleneck comprises limits on integrated circuit (IC) performance due to connections between components instead of their internal speed. In 2006 it was predicted to be a "looming crisis" by 2010. Improved performance of computer systems has been achieved, in large part, by downscaling the IC minimum feature size. This allows the basic IC building block, the transistor, to operate at a higher frequency, performing more computations per second.
Code de GrayLe code de Gray, également appelé code Gray ou code binaire réfléchi, est un type de codage binaire permettant de ne modifier qu'un seul bit à la fois quand un nombre est augmenté d'une unité. Cette propriété est importante pour plusieurs applications. Le nom du code vient de l'ingénieur américain Frank Gray qui publia un brevet sur ce code en 1953, mais le code lui-même est plus ancien. Le code de Gray est un codage binaire, c'est-à-dire une fonction qui associe à chaque nombre une représentation binaire.
Form factor (design)Form factor is a hardware design aspect that defines and prescribes the size, shape, and other physical specifications of components, particularly in electronics. A form factor may represent a broad class of similarly sized components, or it may prescribe a specific standard. It may also define an entire system, as in a computer form factor. As electronic hardware has become smaller following Moore's law and related patterns, ever-smaller form factors have become feasible.
