Community developmentThe United Nations defines community development as "a process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems." It is a broad concept, applied to the practices of civic leaders, activists, involved citizens, and professionals to improve various aspects of communities, typically aiming to build stronger and more resilient local communities.
Community practiceCommunity practice also known as macro practice or community work is a branch of social work in the United States that focuses on larger social systems and social change, and is tied to the historical roots of United States social work. The field of community practice social work encompasses community organizing and community organization, community building, social planning, human service management, community development, policy analysis, policy advocacy, mediation, electronic advocacy and other larger systems interventions.
Psychologie communautaireLa psychologie communautaire est une discipline psychologique qui s'intéresse au développement social, à la santé des territoires et des individus dans leur environnement. C'est une discipline qui se distingue de la psychologie clinique ou de la psychologie sociale. Elle cherche à promouvoir la justice sociale (l'équité sociale et sanitaire) et a ainsi une visée politique.
Community buildingCommunity building is a field of practices directed toward the creation or enhancement of community among individuals within a regional area (such as a neighborhood) or with a common need or interest. It is often encompassed under the fields of community organizing, community organization, community work, and community development. A wide variety of practices can be utilized for community building, ranging from simple events like potlucks and small book clubs, to larger–scale efforts such as mass festivals and building construction projects that involve local participants rather than outside contractors.
Community organizationCommunity organization or Community Based Organization refers to organization aimed at making desired improvements to a community's social health, well-being, and overall functioning. Community organization occurs in geographically, psychosocially, culturally, spiritually, and digitally bounded communities. Community organization includes community work, community projects, community development, community empowerment, community building, and community mobilization.
Asset-based community developmentAsset-based community development (ABCD) is a methodology for the sustainable development of communities based on their strengths and potentials. It involves assessing the resources, skills, and experience available in a community; organizing the community around issues that move its members into action; and then determining and taking appropriate action. This method uses the community's own assets and resources as the basis for development; it empowers the people of the community by encouraging them to use what they already possess.
Engagement communautaireL'engagement communautaire est l’implication et la participation à une organisation dans l'intention de contribuer au bien-être de la communauté. Les actions bénévoles, qui impliquent de donner du temps personnel à des projets dans des ONG humanitaires ou des groupes religieux, sont des formes d’engagement communautaire. L’engagement est généralement motivé par des valeurs et des idéaux de justice sociale . L'engagement communautaire peut être du bénévolat dans des banques alimentaires, des refuges pour sans-abri, des programmes d’aide d’urgence, des programmes de nettoyage des quartiers, etc.
Participatory rural appraisalParticipatory rural appraisal (PRA) is an approach used by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other agencies involved in international development. The approach aims to incorporate the knowledge and opinions of rural people in the planning and management of development projects and programmes. The philosophical roots of participatory rural appraisal techniques can be traced to activist adult education methods such as those of Paulo Freire and the study clubs of the Antigonish Movement.
Social workSocial work (SW) is an academic discipline and practice-based profession concerned with meeting the basic needs of individuals, families, groups, communities, and society as a whole to enhance their individual and collective well-being. Social work practice draws from areas, such as psychology, sociology, health, political science, community development, law, and economics to engage with systems and policies, conduct assessments, develop interventions, and enhance social functioning and responsibility.
Société civileLa société civile est une notion de science politique et de droit qui a acquis, au cours du temps, plusieurs acceptions. Il s'agit à la fois d'une catégorie d'idéologie civique d'origine anglo-saxonne et d'une notion juridique désignant en droit français une forme de société ou d'organisation dont l'objet, strictement civil, relève du droit civil et des juridictions civiles, contrairement aux sociétés commerciales et aux établissements publics et administratif.
