Man pageA man page (short for manual page) is a form of software documentation usually found on a Unix or Unix-like operating system. Topics covered include computer programs (including library and system calls), formal standards and conventions, and even abstract concepts. A user may invoke a man page by issuing the man command. By default, man typically uses a terminal pager program such as more or less to display its output.
FrameworkEn programmation informatique, un framework (appelé aussi infrastructure logicielle, infrastructure de développement, environnement de développement, socle d'applications, cadre d'applications ou cadriciel) est un ensemble cohérent de composants logiciels structurels qui sert à créer les fondations ainsi que les grandes lignes de tout ou partie d'un logiciel, c'est-à-dire une architecture.
Late bindingIn computing, late binding or dynamic linkage—though not an identical process to dynamically linking imported code libraries—is a computer programming mechanism in which the method being called upon an object, or the function being called with arguments, is looked up by name at runtime. In other words, a name is associated with a particular operation or object at runtime, rather than during compilation. The name dynamic binding is sometimes used, but is more commonly used to refer to dynamic scope.
Value (computer science)In computer science and software programming, a value is the representation of some entity that can be manipulated by a program. The members of a type are the values of that type. The "value of a variable" is given by the corresponding mapping in the environment. In languages with assignable variables, it becomes necessary to distinguish between the r-value (or contents) and the l-value (or location) of a variable. In declarative (high-level) languages, values have to be referentially transparent.
Dynamic loadingDynamic loading is a mechanism by which a computer program can, at run time, load a library (or other ) into memory, retrieve the addresses of functions and variables contained in the library, execute those functions or access those variables, and unload the library from memory. It is one of the 3 mechanisms by which a computer program can use some other software; the other two are static linking and dynamic linking.
Conditional compilationIn computer programming, conditional compilation is a compilation technique which results in an executable program that is able to be altered by changing specified parameters. This technique is commonly used when these alterations to the program are needed to run it on different platforms, or with different versions of required libraries or hardware. Many programming languages support conditional compilation. Typically compiler directives define or "undefine" certain variables; other directives test these variables and modify compilation accordingly.
Masquage de l'informationLe masquage de l'information est une règle de microarchitecture informatique (architecture détaillée) étendant le principe d'encapsulation des données aux fonctions. Cette règle consiste à cacher les détails d'implémentation pour offrir une interface simple à comprendre et à utiliser. Beaucoup de langages de programmations orientés objets comme Java ou C++ offrent des limitateurs d’accès (niveaux de visibilité) permettant d’implémenter aisément le masquage des fonctions membres.
