Germans of Croatia

In Croatia, there are over 2,900 people who consider themselves German, most of these Danube Swabians. Germans are officially recognized as an autochthonous national minority, and as such, they elect a special representative to the Croatian Parliament, shared with members of eleven other national minorities. They are mainly concentrated in the area around Osijek (German: Esseg) in eastern Slavonia. The community traditionally inhabited northern Croatia and Slavonia. In the Early modern period they had settled from other territories in the Habsburg monarchy, and in what is today Croatia mainly settled territories of the Military Frontier. The Danube Swabians that inhabited Western Slavonia were subject to strong Croatization. The Croatian intelligentsia only acknowledged a German minority in 1865. With the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the establishment of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, the Germans of Croatia became a minority. In 1920, Germans established the cultural association Kulturbund. Kulturbund was banned on April 11, 1924, by Minister of the Interior Svetozar Pribićević. The following government of Ljuba Davidović and the Democratic Party saw the ban lifted. In 1922, they formed the German Party (Partei der Deutschen). The party existed until it was banned as part of King Alexander's dictatorship in 1929. The Croatian German population reached 85,781 in the 1900 census, while this number plummeted after the German exodus in the aftermath of World War II. The Austro-Hungarian census of 1910 recorded 134,000 Germans. After World War II, 100,000 Yugoslav Germans fled to Austria. This population was not dealt with in the Potsdam Agreement which prevented them from being repatriated to Germany. The Allies considered them Yugoslavian citizens and sought their repatriation there. However, on June 4 the Communist Party of Yugoslavia released a decree that rescinded the citizenship of Yugoslavian Germans. Their property was henceforth confiscated, and the majority settled in Germany and Austria.

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Concepts associés (15)

Germans of Croatia

Hrvatska radiotelevizija

Hrvatska radiotelevizija , abrégé en HRT, est la société de radio-télévision publique de Croatie créée le . La compagnie exploite plusieurs chaînes de télévision et stations de radio, une entité de production musicale (Glazbena proizvodnja) ainsi que le réseau national de diffusion par émetteurs et par satellite. L'entreprise est créée le avec le lancement de la radio, avant de lancer la télévision trente ans plus tard jour pour jour, le .

Gouvernement de la république de Croatie

Le Gouvernement de la république de Croatie (en croate: Vlada) est dirigé par le Premier ministre (croate: predsjednik Vlade). Le premier ministre est nommé par le président de la République parmi les candidats qui bénéficient d'un soutien majoritaire au sein du Parlement croate ; le candidat est ensuite choisi par le Parlement. Le gouvernement compte 20 autres membres, qui exercent les fonctions de vice-premier ministre, de ministre du gouvernement ou les deux ; ils sont choisis par le premier ministre et confirmés par le Parlement (Sabor).