Fixed prosthodonticsFixed prosthodontics is the branch of prosthodontics that focuses on dental prosthesis that are permanently affixed (fixed). Crowns, bridges (fixed dentures), inlays, onlays, and veneers are some examples of indirect dental restorations. Prosthodontists are dentists who have completed training in this specialty that has been recognized by academic institutes. Fixed prosthodontics can be used to reconstruct single or many teeth, spanning tooth loss areas.
Dioxyde de zirconiumLe dioxyde de zirconium, ou oxyde de zirconium() est un composé chimique de formule . Il est couramment appelé la zircone (ne pas confondre avec le zircon qui est un silicate de zirconium). C'est un solide cristallin blanc. On le trouve dans le milieu naturel sous la forme d'un minéral ayant une structure cristalline monoclinique appelé . Il est possible de stabiliser la forme cubique en ajoutant des impuretés. Ce matériau est utilisé par exemple dans des capteurs (sonde lambda).
Dental impressionA dental impression is a negative imprint of hard and soft tissues in the mouth from which a positive reproduction, such as a cast or model, can be formed. It is made by placing an appropriate material in a dental impression tray which is designed to roughly fit over the dental arches. The impression material is liquid or semi-solid when first mixed and placed in the mouth. It then sets to become an elastic solid, which usually takes a few minutes depending upon the material.
Prothèse palatinevignette|Moulage alvéolaire. La prothèse palatine ou prothèse vélopalatine est un dispositif prothétique destiné à obstruer une perte de substance au niveau du palais. Son origine remonte à Ambroise Paré, au XVIe siècle. Elle permet notamment de combler une fente palatine congénitale ou consécutive à une maxillectomie, restaurant ainsi les fonctions de déglutition, de mastication et de phonation. Elle se compose d'une plaque palatine, en résine ou en métal, et d'un obturateur maxillaire reposant sur la partie supérieure de la plaque.
Veneer (dentistry)In dentistry, a veneer is a layer of material placed over a tooth. Veneers can improve the aesthetics of a smile and protect the tooth's surface from damage. There are two main types of material used to fabricate a veneer: composite and dental porcelain. A composite veneer may be directly placed (built-up in the mouth), or indirectly fabricated by a dental technician in a dental lab, and later bonded to the tooth, typically using a resin cement.
OrthodontieL'orthodontie est une spécialité dentaire vouée à la correction des mauvaises postures des mâchoires (orthopédie dento-faciale, ou ODF) et des dents (orthodontie) afin d'optimiser l'équilibre postural entre les structures osseuses (phases de repos physiologique des muscles), l'occlusion (engrènement dentaire réflexe), ainsi que le développement des bases osseuses dans un but fonctionnel et esthétique.
EndodontieL'endodontie est la partie de l'odontologie qui traite de l'intérieur de la dent. Elle consiste dans la prévention, le diagnostic et le traitement des maladies de la pulpe dentaire et des infections péri-apicales (dans l'os autour des racines). Le dentiste réalise le traitement endodontique (dévitalisation) d'une dent lorsque celle-ci ne peut plus être gardée vivante, soit parce qu'elle est déjà nécrosée, soit parce qu'elle risque de le devenir.
Occlusal traumaOcclusal trauma is the damage to teeth when an excessive force is acted upon them and they do not align properly. When the jaws close, for instance during chewing or at rest, the relationship between the opposing teeth is referred to as occlusion. When trauma, disease or dental treatment alters occlusion by changing the biting surface of any of the teeth, the teeth will come together differently, and their occlusion will change. When that change has a negative effect on how the teeth occlude, this may cause tenderness, pain, and damage to or movement of the teeth.
Removable partial dentureA removable partial denture (RPD) is a denture for a partially edentulous patient who desires to have replacement teeth for functional or aesthetic reasons and who cannot have a bridge (a fixed partial denture) for any reason, such as a lack of required teeth to serve as support for a bridge (i.e. distal abutments) or financial limitations. This type of prosthesis is referred to as a removable partial denture because patients can remove and reinsert it when required without professional help.
Socket preservationSocket preservation or alveolar ridge preservation is a procedure to reduce bone loss after tooth extraction. After tooth extraction, the jaw bone has a natural tendency to become narrow, and lose its original shape because the bone quickly resorbs, resulting in 30–60% loss in bone volume in the first six months. Bone loss, can compromise the ability to place a dental implant (to replace the tooth), or its aesthetics and functional ability. Socket preservation attempts to prevent bone loss by bone grafting the socket immediately after extraction.
