Disinvestment (or divestment) from South Africa was first advocated in the 1960s, in protest against South Africa's system of apartheid, but was not implemented on a significant scale until the mid-1980s. The disinvestment campaign, after being realised in federal legislation enacted in 1986 by the United States, is credited by some as pressuring the South African Government to embark on negotiations ultimately leading to the dismantling of the apartheid system.
In November 1962, the United Nations General Assembly passed Resolution 1761, a non-binding resolution establishing the United Nations Special Committee against Apartheid and called for imposing economic and other sanctions on South Africa. All Western nations were unhappy with the call for sanctions and as a result, boycotted the committee.
Following this passage of this resolution, the UK-based Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) spearheaded the arrangements for an international conference on sanctions to be held in London in April 1964. According to Arianna Lisson, "The aim of the Conference was to work out the practicability of economic sanctions and their implications on the economies of South Africa, the UK, the US, and the Protectorates. Knowing that the strongest opposition to the application of sanctions came from the West (and within the West, Britain), the Committee made every effort to attract as wide and varied a number of speakers and participants as possible so that the Conference findings would be regarded as objective."
The conference was named the International Conference for Economic Sanctions Against South Africa. Lisson writes that this conference:
[E]stablished the necessity, the legality, and the practicability of internationally organised sanctions against South Africa, whose policies were seen to have become a direct threat to peace and security in Africa and the world. Its findings also pointed out that in order to be effective, a programme of sanctions would need the active participation of Britain and the US, who were also the main obstacle to the implementation of such a policy.
Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (prononcé en xhosa ), dont le nom du clan tribal est « Madiba », né le à Mvezo (province du Cap) et mort le à Johannesburg (Gauteng), est un homme d'État sud-africain. Il a été l'un des dirigeants historiques de la lutte contre le système politique institutionnel de ségrégation raciale (apartheid) avant de devenir président de la République d'Afrique du Sud de 1994 à 1999, à la suite des premières élections nationales non ségrégationnistes de l'histoire du pays.
vignette|Début 2021, institutions ont désinvesti milliards de dollars de l'industrie des énergies fossiles. vignette|Manifestation pour le climat et le désinvestissement des énergies fossiles (Berlin, 2015). vignette|Étudiants réclamant que leur université désinvestisse des énergies fossiles (États-Unis, 2013). Le désinvestissement des énergies fossiles est l'élimination des placements (actions, obligations et fonds d'investissement) des entreprises impliquées dans l'extraction de combustibles fossiles (charbon, pétrole et gaz), dans le but de réduire le réchauffement climatique en s'attaquant à ses causes.
Une sanction économique désigne l'ensemble des restrictions de circulations de biens, de personnes ou de transferts financiers mise en place entre états. Celle-ci peut être mise en place au travers de taxes, de quotas, de gel d'avoir, etc. Une sanction économique peut être mise en place pour des raisons politiques, sociales mais aussi économiques. Elle peut concerner un ou plusieurs états. De même, les sanctions économiques peuvent être mises en place par un seul ou plusieurs états.
It’s a special type of Swiss enclave that Denise Bertschi came across in South Africa in 2018: the Swiss Social & Sports Club welcomes Cape Town’s Swiss ex-pat community and temporary visitors to sit back and relax, be they businesspeople, bankers, or fina ...
Slender yet densely packed with images, this 44-page publication presents items discovered during an artistic research project that investigated various relationships between Swiss people and the South African apartheid regime in the 1980s and 1990s. Adver ...