Concept
Well drainage
Concepts associés (16)
Maîtrise de la salinité
vignette|250px|Modélisation numérique avec le logiciel SegReg : production de grains de moutarde en fonction de la salinité du sol. Le contrôle de la salinité permet de préserver le potentiel d'un sol, essentiellement en vue de son exploitation agricole. De façon préventive, il permet de limiter la dégradation par excès de sels et de restaurer des sols comportant des éléments chimiques en excès quelle qu'en soit l'origine . On parle aussi d'amélioration, de remédiation ou de récupération des sols.
Agricultural hydrology
Agricultural hydrology is the study of water balance components intervening in agricultural water management, especially in irrigation and drainage. The water balance components can be grouped into components corresponding to zones in a vertical cross-section in the soil forming reservoirs with inflow, outflow and storage of water: the surface reservoir (S) the root zone or unsaturated (vadose zone) (R) with mainly vertical flows the aquifer (Q) with mainly horizontal flows a transition zone (T) in which vertical and horizontal flows are converted The general water balance reads: inflow = outflow + change of storage and it is applicable to each of the reservoirs or a combination thereof.
Groundwater model
Groundwater models are computer models of groundwater flow systems, and are used by hydrologists and hydrogeologists. Groundwater models are used to simulate and predict aquifer conditions. An unambiguous definition of "groundwater model" is difficult to give, but there are many common characteristics. A groundwater model may be a scale model or an electric model of a groundwater situation or aquifer. Groundwater models are used to represent the natural groundwater flow in the environment.
SahysMod
SahysMod is a computer program for the prediction of the salinity of soil moisture, groundwater and drainage water, the depth of the watertable, and the drain discharge in irrigated agricultural lands, using different hydrogeologic and aquifer conditions, varying water management options, including the use of ground water for irrigation, and several crop rotation schedules, whereby the spatial variations are accounted for through a network of polygons.
Water balance
The law of water balance states that the inflows to any water system or area is equal to its outflows plus change in storage during a time interval. In hydrology, a water balance equation can be used to describe the flow of water in and out of a system. A system can be one of several hydrological or water domains, such as a column of soil, a drainage basin, an irrigation area or a city. The water balance is also referred to as a water budget. Developing water budgets is a fundamental activity in the science of hydrology.
Essai de pompage
Les essais de pompage sont réalisés lors des études hydrogéologiques. Ils permettent d'estimer le rayon d'action du pompage et de calculer le coefficient de perméabilité horizontal des terrains lorsque l'épaisseur de la couche aquifère est connue. Ces essais sont fréquemment mis en œuvre dans le cas de réalisation d'ouvrages enterrés (fondations, tranchées couvertes, déblais sous nappe...).
Drainage research
Drainage research is the study of agricultural drainage systems and their effects to arrive at optimal system design. Agricultural land drainage has agricultural, environmental, hydrological, engineering, economical, social and socio-political aspects (Figure 1). All these aspects can be subject of drainage research. The aim (objective, target) of agricultural land drainage is the optimized agricultural production related to: reclamation of agricultural land conservation of agricultural land optimization of crop yield crop diversification cropping intensification optimization of farm operations.
Puits à eau
Un puits à eau est le résultat d'un terrassement vertical, mécanisé (par forage, havage, etc.) ou manuel, permettant l'exploitation d'une nappe d'eau souterraine, autrement dit un aquifère. L'eau peut être remontée au niveau du sol grâce à un seau ou une pompe, manuelle ou non. Les puits sont très divers, que ce soit par leur mode de creusement, leur profondeur, leur volume d'eau, ou leur équipement. Les premiers puits étaient probablement de simples trous mal protégés des éboulements et qui n'ont pas résisté au temps et ont disparu.
Drainage equation
A drainage equation is an equation describing the relation between depth and spacing of parallel subsurface drains, depth of the watertable, depth and hydraulic conductivity of the soils. It is used in drainage design. A well known steady-state drainage equation is the Hooghoudt drain spacing equation. Its original publication is in Dutch. The equation was introduced in the USA by van Schilfgaarde. Hooghoudt's equation can be written as:.
Watertable control
In geotechnical engineering, watertable control is the practice of controlling the height of the water table by drainage. Its main applications are in agricultural land (to improve the crop yield using agricultural drainage systems) and in cities to manage the extensive underground infrastructure that includes the foundations of large buildings, underground transit systems, and extensive utilities (water supply networks, sewerage, storm drains, and underground electrical grids).