Concept
Verbes modaux en anglais
Concepts associés (19)
Finite verb
Traditionally, a finite verb (from fīnītus, past participle of fīnīre - to put an end to, bound, limit) is the form "to which number and person appertain", in other words, those inflected for number and person. Verbs were originally said to be finite if their form limited the possible person and number of the subject. A more recent concept treats a finite verb as any verb that heads a simple declarative sentence. Under that newer articulation, finite verbs often constitute the locus of grammatical information regarding gender, person, number, tense, aspect, mood, and voice.
Epistemic modality
Epistemic modality is a sub-type of linguistic modality that encompasses knowledge, belief, or credence in a proposition. Epistemic modality is exemplified by the English modals may, might, must. However, it occurs cross-linguistically, encoded in a wide variety of lexical items and grammatical structures. Epistemic modality has been studied from many perspectives within linguistics and philosophy. It is one of the most studied phenomena in formal semantics. (a) grammatically: through modal verbs (e.g.
English conditional sentences
Prototypical conditional sentences in English are those of the form "If X, then Y". The clause X is referred to as the antecedent (or protasis), while the clause Y is called the consequent (or apodosis). A conditional is understood as expressing its consequent under the temporary hypothetical assumption of its antecedent. Conditional sentences can take numerous forms. The consequent can precede the "if"-clause and the word "if" itself may be omitted or replaced with a different complementizer.
Regular and irregular verbs
A regular verb is any verb whose conjugation follows the typical pattern, or one of the typical patterns, of the language to which it belongs. A verb whose conjugation follows a different pattern is called an irregular verb. This is one instance of the distinction between regular and irregular inflection, which can also apply to other word classes, such as nouns and adjectives. In English, for example, verbs such as play, enter, and like are regular since they form their inflected parts by adding the typical endings -s, -ing and -ed to give forms such as plays, entering, and liked.
Verbe auxiliaire
En grammaire, un auxiliaire est un verbe qui se combine à un verbe principal pour constituer ainsi un temps composé ou périphrastique. Il ajoute divers traits grammaticaux au verbe principal, dont les plus fréquents sont la personne, le temps, l'aspect, la voix, le mode, mais aussi d'autres catégories grammaticales comme la polarité négative, dans les langues ouraliennes. En français, il en existe deux de base : être et avoir suivis du verbe au participe passé.
Tiroir verbal
En grammaire, un tiroir verbal est un sous-ensemble de formes de la conjugaison pour lequel tous les traits grammaticaux caractéristiques du verbe sont spécifiés – à l'exclusion des traits partagés avec les autres parties du discours comme la personne, le nombre ou le genre. Cela correspond à ce que la grammaire scolaire traditionnelle appelle un temps verbal. Un tiroir verbal constitue donc un paradigme à l'intersection de plusieurs traits grammaticaux spécifiques du verbe, lesquels varient selon les langues considérées : temps, aspect, mode, voix.
Do-support
Do-support (periphrastic do or do-insertion), in English grammar, is the use of the auxiliary verb do, including its inflected forms does and did, to form negated clauses and questions as well as other constructions in which subject–auxiliary inversion is required. The verb "do" can be used as an auxiliary even in simple declarative sentences, and it usually serves to add emphasis, as in "I did shut the fridge." However, in the negated and inverted clauses referred to above, it is used because the conventions of Modern English syntax permit these constructions only when an auxiliary is present.
Futur (grammaire)
En grammaire, le terme « futur » désigne, dans un sens général, une valeur temporelle de base, celle par laquelle le locuteur situe le procès exprimé par le verbe après le moment de l’énonciation (celui où il parle). Le futur s’oppose à deux autres valeurs temporelles de base, le présent et le passé. Dans un sens restreint, un temps futur désigne, dans certaines langues, une forme verbale spécifique, un paradigme qui exprime une certaine nuance de cette valeur temporelle.
Phrase conditionnelle
En syntaxe, on appelle phrase conditionnelle une phrase complexe contenant au moins une proposition subordonnée conditionnelle et sa proposition principale. La proposition conditionnelle est directement subordonnée au verbe de la principale. Cette subordonnée est en général définie comme exprimant la condition du remplissement ou du non-remplissement de laquelle dépend la réalisation ou non du procès du verbe principal. Certains auteurs ajoutent à cela que la proposition conditionnelle remplit la fonction d'un complément circonstanciel conditionnel.