DermatologieLa dermatologie est une spécialité de médecine qui s'occupe de la peau, des muqueuses et des phanères (ongles, cheveux, poils). Elle est associée à la vénérologie (vénéréologie), c’est-à-dire l'étude des maladies vénériennes ou infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST). Le médecin spécialisé pratiquant la dermatologie s'appelle le dermatologue ou le dermatologiste. La peau se compose de plusieurs couches superposées (de la plus profonde à la plus superficielle) incluant l'hypoderme, le derme (dermes réticulaire, profond et papillaire), la membrane basale et l'épiderme (Stratum germinativum, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum et corneum).
Appareil locomoteurL’appareil locomoteur, appelé aussi système musculo-squelettique, est un système d'organes qui confère aux animaux la faculté de se mouvoir physiquement dans un milieu (aérien, terrestre, aquatique), en faisant usage de leurs muscles et de leur squelette. Hormis la locomotion, le squelette procure également un support et une protection aux organes internes. Chez de nombreux organismes, le squelette est également utilisé pour stocker des graisses et des minéraux et pour produire des cellules sanguines.
PodiatryPodiatry (poʊˈdaɪ.ətri), or podiatric medicine (poʊdiˈætrᵻk,_-ˈdaɪ.ətrᵻk), also known as chiropody, is a branch of medicine devoted to the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders of the foot, and ankle. The healthcare professional is known as a podiatrist. The US podiatric medical school curriculum includes lower extremity anatomy, general human anatomy, physiology, general medicine, physical assessment, biochemistry, neurobiology, pathophysiology, genetics and embryology, microbiology, histology, pharmacology, women's health, physical rehabilitation, sports medicine, research, ethics and jurisprudence, biomechanics, general principles of orthopedic surgery, and foot and ankle surgery.
Médecine d'urgenceLa médecine d'urgence rassemble les ressources médicales et chirurgicales pour faire face à une urgence, c'est-à-dire la perception d'une situation où la personne sans soins empire rapidement, exposée au risque à bref délai de séquelles irréversibles ou du décès. Lorsque le nombre de victimes est important et/ou que les infrastructures locales sont touchées (routes, hôpitaux...), on parle de médecine de catastrophe.
Hospital medicineHospital medicine is a medical specialty that exists in some countries as a branch of family medicine or internal medicine, dealing with the care of acutely ill hospitalized patients. Physicians whose primary professional focus is caring for hospitalized patients only while they are in the hospital are called hospitalists. Originating in the United States, this type of medical practice has extended into Australia and Canada. The vast majority of physicians who refer to themselves as hospitalists focus their practice upon hospitalized patients.
Hospice and palliative medicineIn 2006, hospice and palliative medicine was officially recognized by the American Board of Medical Specialties, and is co-sponsored by the American Boards of Internal Medicine Anesthesiology Family Medicine Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Psychiatry and Neurology Surgery Pediatrics Emergency Medicine Radiology Obstetrics and Gynecology Physicians who complete a residency in one of the co-sponsoring specialties are then eligible for further training in an ACGME-approved Hospice and Palliative Medicine
Adolescent medicineAdolescent medicine also known as adolescent and young adult medicine is a medical subspecialty that focuses on care of patients who are in the adolescent period of development. This period begins at puberty and lasts until growth has stopped, at which time adulthood begins. Typically, patients in this age range will be in the last years of middle school up until college graduation (some doctors in this subspecialty treat young adults attending college at area clinics, in the subfield of college health).
Chirurgie plastiqueLa chirurgie plastique est la spécialité chirurgicale qui concerne principalement la peau et les tissus mous non viscèraux de l'organisme dans un but de reconstruction principalement et d'esthétisme. Touchant toutes les régions anatomiques, excepté l'intérieur du crâne, du thorax et de l'abdomen, son champ d'action est vaste. Dans ces localisations multiples, elle traite des conséquences de traumatismes ou d'infections, de tumeurs, ainsi que des malformations et des conformations jugées inesthétiques.
Trauma surgeryTrauma surgery is a surgical specialty that utilizes both operative and non-operative management to treat traumatic injuries, typically in an acute setting. Trauma surgeons generally complete residency training in general surgery and often fellowship training in trauma or surgical critical care. The trauma surgeon is responsible for initially resuscitating and stabilizing and later evaluating and managing the patient. The attending trauma surgeon also leads the trauma team, which typically includes nurses and support staff as well as resident physicians in teaching hospitals.
