EtherType is a two-octet field in an Ethernet frame. It is used to indicate which protocol is encapsulated in the payload of the frame and is used at the receiving end by the data link layer to determine how the payload is processed. The same field is also used to indicate the size of some Ethernet frames.
EtherType is also used as the basis of 802.1Q VLAN tagging, encapsulating packets from VLANs for transmission multiplexed with other VLAN traffic over an Ethernet trunk.
EtherType was first defined by the Ethernet II framing standard and later adapted for the IEEE 802.3 standard. EtherType values are assigned by the IEEE Registration Authority.
In modern implementations of Ethernet, the field within the Ethernet frame used to describe the EtherType can also be used to represent the size of the payload of the Ethernet Frame. Historically, depending on the type of Ethernet framing that was in use on an Ethernet segment, both interpretations were simultaneously valid, leading to potential ambiguity. Ethernet II framing considered these octets to represent EtherType while the original IEEE 802.3 framing considered these octets to represent the size of the payload in bytes.
In order to allow Ethernet II and IEEE 802.3 framing to be used on the same Ethernet segment, a unifying standard, IEEE 802.3x-1997, was introduced that required that EtherType values be greater than or equal to 1536. That value was chosen because the maximum length (MTU) of the data field of an Ethernet 802.3 frame is 1500 bytes and 1536 is equivalent to the number 600 in the hexadecimal numeral system. Thus, values of 1500 and below for this field indicate that the field is used as the size of the payload of the Ethernet frame while values of 1536 and above indicate that the field is used to represent an EtherType. The interpretation of values 1501–1535, inclusive, is undefined.
The end of a frame is signaled by a valid frame check sequence followed by loss of carrier or by a special symbol or sequence in the line coding scheme for a particular Ethernet physical layer, so the length of the frame does not always need to be encoded as a value in the Ethernet frame.
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In computer networking, an Ethernet frame is a data link layer protocol data unit and uses the underlying Ethernet physical layer transport mechanisms. In other words, a data unit on an Ethernet link transports an Ethernet frame as its payload. An Ethernet frame is preceded by a preamble and start frame delimiter (SFD), which are both part of the Ethernet packet at the physical layer. Each Ethernet frame starts with an Ethernet header, which contains destination and source MAC addresses as its first two fields.
La sous-couche de contrôle de la liaison logique (Logical Link Control en anglais, ou LLC) est la moitié haute de la couche de liaison de données du modèle OSI. Elle permet de fiabiliser le protocole MAC par un contrôle d'erreur et un contrôle de flux (LLC 802.2 commun à tous les protocoles MAC 802.x). LLC type 1 : aucun contrôle supplémentaire ; simple aiguillage des données vers les protocoles de couche 3. Mode non connecté, datagramme sans acquittement. LLC type 2 : type 1 + contrôle de séquence + contrôle de flux ; Mode connecté avec acquittement.
EtherType est un champ d'une trame Ethernet indiquant quel est le protocole de niveau supérieur utilisé dans le champ "donnée" de cette trame. Dans la norme Ethernet II définie par le consortium DIX (soit Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel et Xerox), le champ EtherType indique le type du protocole encapsulé dans le champ "données" de la trame Ethernet. Il occupe deux octets. Dans la normalisation d'Ethernet conduite par l'IEEE et aboutissant au standard 802.