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Concept
Resource fork
Résumé
The resource fork is a of a on Apple's classic Mac OS operating system, which was also carried over to the modern macOS for compatibility, used to store structured data along with the unstructured data stored within the data fork.
A resource fork stores information in a specific form, containing details such as icon bitmaps, the shapes of windows, definitions of menus and their contents, and application code (machine code). For example, a word processing file might store its text in the data fork, while storing any embedded images in the same file's resource fork. The resource fork is used mostly by executables, but every file is able to have a resource fork.
In a 1986 technical note, Apple strongly recommended that developers do not put general data into the resource fork of a file. According to Apple, there are parts of the system software that rely on resource forks having only valid Resource Manager information in them.
Originally conceived and implemented by programmer Bruce Horn, the resource fork was used for three purposes with :
It was used to store all graphical data on disk until it was needed, then retrieved, drawn on the screen, and thrown away. This software variant of virtual memory helped Apple to reduce memory requirements from 1 MB in the Apple Lisa to 128 KB in Macintosh.
Because all the pictures and text were stored separately in a resource fork, it could be used to allow a non-programmer to translate an application for a foreign market, a process called internationalization and localization.
It could be used to distribute nearly all of the components of an application in a single file, reducing clutter and simplifying application installation and removal.
The resource fork is implemented in all of the s used for system drives on the Macintosh (, and HFS Plus). The presence of a resource fork makes it easy to store a variety of additional information, such as allowing the system to display the correct icon for a file and open it without the need for a in the file name.
Source officielle
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Concepts associés (13)
Resource fork
The resource fork is a of a on Apple's classic Mac OS operating system, which was also carried over to the modern macOS for compatibility, used to store structured data along with the unstructured data stored within the data fork. A resource fork stores information in a specific form, containing details such as icon bitmaps, the shapes of windows, definitions of menus and their contents, and application code (machine code). For example, a word processing file might store its text in the data fork, while storing any embedded images in the same file's resource fork.
Extension de nom de fichier
En informatique, une extension de nom de fichier (ou simplement extension de fichier, voire extension) est un suffixe de nom de fichier fait pour identifier son format. Ainsi, on dira qu'un fichier nommé exemple.txt a l'extension .txt (ou simplement txt). Ainsi la notion d'extension se spécifie-t-elle au moins par l'adoption conventionnelle d'un caractère dit séparateur (le point dans l'exemple précédent), suivi d'une chaîne (éventuellement vide) libre composée de caractères tirés d'une liste excluant le séparateur d'extension lui-même et les caractères interdits par le système de fichiers (et éventuellement de leur position dans la chaîne, comme l'antislash interdit partout et l'espace interdit en début et fin dans Windows).
File format
A file format is a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a . It specifies how bits are used to encode information in a digital storage medium. File formats may be either proprietary or free. Some file formats are designed for very particular types of data: PNG files, for example, store bitmapped using lossless data compression. Other file formats, however, are designed for storage of several different types of data: the Ogg format can act as a container for different types of multimedia including any combination of audio and video, with or without text (such as subtitles), and metadata.
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