Finery forgeA finery forge is a forge used to produce wrought iron from pig iron by decarburization in a process called "fining" which involved liquifying cast iron in a fining hearth and removing carbon from the molten cast iron through oxidation. Finery forges were used as early as the 3rd century BC in China. The finery forge process was replaced by the puddling process and the roller mill, both developed by Henry Cort in 1783–4, but not becoming widespread until after 1800.
Bocardvignette|Bocard à cinq pilons ayant servi à broyer le minerai de cuivre en Arizona. vignette|Bocard à huit pilons actionné par une roue à aubes. Le bocard ou, plus rarement, bocambre, est un outil constitué d'un ensemble de pilons entraînés par des cames. Cet outil servait, en métallurgie, à casser un minerai, ou à le calibrer avant le haut-fourneau. Ce type de machine a été également utilisé pour produire des poudres fines en pulvérisant une matière. L'outil fait l'objet d'une description dans l'encyclopédie Diderot.
Chain pumpThe chain pump is type of a water pump in which several circular discs are positioned on an endless chain. One part of the chain dips into the water, and the chain runs through a tube, slightly bigger than the diameter of the discs. As the chain is drawn up the tube, water becomes trapped between the discs and is lifted to and discharged at the top. Chain pumps were used for centuries in the ancient Middle East, Europe, and China. The earliest evidence for this device is in a Babylonian text from about 700 B.
Water frameLa water frame est une utilisant l'énergie des moulins à eau puis plus tard celle de la vapeur pour augmenter la productivité des fileurs de coton, grâce à un système de petits rouleaux actionnés par l'énergie hydraulique. Cette fileuse mécanique, brevetée en 1768 par Richard Arkwright sous le nom de Water frame, était basée sur le modèle d'une machine à filer brevetée par Lewis Paul en 1738 et dépassait les performances de la Spinning Jenny de James Hargreaves (1765).
Conduite forcéeUne conduite forcée est une conduite hydraulique, un assemblage de tuyaux ou bien un tunnel, transportant de l'eau d'un point à un autre. La différence de pression entre le liquide et son environnement est maîtrisée (pas de fuites). La fabrication des tubes métalliques appartient d'abord au métier de forgeron avec le Siècle des Lumières et plus tard au début du au métier de chaudronnier (avec l'émergence des machines à chaudière à vapeur). La fabrication des tuyaux en béton armé préfabriqués appartient aux maçons et est mis en place dans les aménagements dès 1900.
Striking clockA striking clock is a clock that sounds the hours audibly on a bell, gong, or other audible device. In 12-hour striking, used most commonly in striking clocks today, the clock strikes once at 1:00 am, twice at 2:00 am, continuing in this way up to twelve times at 12:00 mid-day, then starts again, striking once at 1:00pm, twice at 2:00 pm, up to twelve times at 12:00 midnight. The striking feature of clocks was originally more important than their clock faces; the earliest clocks struck the hours, but had no dials to enable the time to be read.
Ancient Egyptian technologyAncient Egyptian technology describes devices and technologies invented or used in Ancient Egypt. The Egyptians invented and used many simple machines, such as the ramp and the lever, to aid construction processes. They used rope trusses to stiffen the beam of ships. Egyptian paper, made from papyrus, and pottery were mass-produced and exported throughout the Mediterranean Basin. The wheel was used for a number of purposes, but chariots only came into use after the Second Intermediate Period.
Micro hydroMicro hydro is a type of hydroelectric power that typically produces from 5 kW to 100 kW of electricity using the natural flow of water. Installations below 5 kW are called pico hydro. These installations can provide power to an isolated home or small community, or are sometimes connected to electric power networks, particularly where net metering is offered. There are many of these installations around the world, particularly in developing nations as they can provide an economical source of energy without the purchase of fuel.
