Electronic news gatheringElectronic news gathering (ENG) or electronic journalism (EJ) is usage of electronic video and audio technologies by reporters to gather and present news instead of using film cameras. The term was coined during the rise of videotape technology in the 1970s. ENG can involve anything from a single reporter with a single professional video camera, to an entire television crew taking a truck on location. The term ENG was created as television news departments moved from film-based news gathering to electronic field production technology in the 1970s.
Journal télévisévignette|Plateau d'enregistrement d'un journal télévisé de . Un journal télévisé (terme utilisé principalement en France et en Belgique et abrégé en JT), ou téléjournal (principalement au Canada et en Suisse, abrégé en TJ), dit également bulletin d'information, est une émission d'information diffusée à la télévision et généralement animée par un journaliste présentateur unique ou un couple de présentateurs récurrents, qui introduit des reportages ou des séquences sur des sujets locaux, nationaux ou internationaux et des chroniques comme la météo.
Professional video cameraA professional video camera (often called a television camera even though its use has spread beyond television) is a high-end device for creating electronic moving images (as opposed to a movie camera, that earlier recorded the images on film). Originally developed for use in television studios or with outside broadcast trucks, they are now also used for music videos, direct-to-video movies (see digital movie camera), corporate and educational videos, wedding videos, among other uses.
Broadcast automationBroadcast automation incorporates the use of broadcast programming technology to automate broadcasting operations. Used either at a broadcast network, radio station or a television station, it can run a facility in the absence of a human operator. They can also run in a live assist mode when there are on-air personnel present at the master control, television studio or control room. The radio transmitter end of the airchain is handled by a separate automatic transmission system (ATS).
Production truckA television production truck or OB van is a small mobile production control room to allow filming of events and video production at locations outside a regular television studio. They are used for remote broadcasts, outside broadcasting (OB), and electronic field production (EFP). Some require a crew of as many as 30 people, with additional trucks for additional equipment as well as a satellite truck, which transmits video back to the studio by sending it up through a communications satellite using a satellite dish, which then transmits it back down to the studio.
Micro-HFthumb|Micro-HF avec sa base. Le Micro-HF (pour Haute fréquence) est un micro, soit de type électrostatique à électret (« micro-cravate » ou « micro casque »), soit de type dynamique à bobine mobile ou bien encore électrostatique à condensateur. Il est composé d'une base HF (d'où son surnom de micro-HF) et d'un émetteur, lui-même connecté au micro. Puisqu'on n'a plus recours à un câble, il permet la liberté de mouvements de son utilisateur. Le micro-HF est de ce fait très employé sur les plateaux de télévision, au cinéma et pendant les concerts.
Outside broadcastingOutside broadcasting (OB) is the electronic field production (EFP) of television or radio programmes (typically to cover television news and sports television events) from a mobile remote broadcast television studio. Professional video camera and microphone signals come into the production truck for processing, recording and possibly transmission. Some outside broadcasts use a mobile production control room (PCR) inside a production truck. Outside radio broadcasts have been taking place since the early 1920s and television ones since the late 1920s.
Station de télévisionvignette|Illustration de station de télévision Une station de télévision est un exploitant qui peut être une entreprise, une organisation ou même une télévision amateur (ATV) qui émet (radiodiffuse) du contenu sur la télévision terrestre. L'émission de la télévision peut se faire par des signaux analogiques ou, plus récemment, par la télévision numérique. Les normes et standards sont régulées par l'autorité gouvernementale du pays, et varient à travers le monde.
