Allosteric modulatorIn pharmacology and biochemistry, allosteric modulators are a group of substances that bind to a receptor to change that receptor's response to stimuli. Some of them, like benzodiazepines or alcoholic beverages, function as psychoactive drugs. The site that an allosteric modulator binds to (i.e., an allosteric site) is not the same one to which an endogenous agonist of the receptor would bind (i.e., an orthosteric site). Modulators and agonists can both be called receptor ligands.
BarbitalBarbital (or barbitone), marketed under the brand names Veronal for the pure acid and Medinal for the sodium salt, was the first commercially available barbiturate. It was used as a sleeping aid (hypnotic) from 1903 until the mid-1950s. The chemical names for barbital are diethylmalonyl urea or diethylbarbituric acid; hence, the sodium salt (known as medinal, a genericised trademark in the United Kingdom) is known also as sodium diethylbarbiturate.
AmobarbitalL'amobarbital (également appelé amylobarbitone ou Amytal sodium) est un ancien médicament barbiturique. Il possède des propriétés sédatives, anxiolytiques et hypnotiques. Commercialisé pour la première fois en 1923 aux États-Unis par Eli Lilly, il est considéré comme un barbiturique à durée d'action intermédiaire. Son principal fabricant ayant cessé sa fabrication dans les années 1980, le produit est devenu très rare. Il reste cependant fabriqué en Chine où il est parfois vendu illégalement sur internet.
Drug nomenclatureDrug nomenclature is the systematic naming of drugs, especially pharmaceutical drugs. In the majority of circumstances, drugs have 3 types of names: chemical names, the most important of which is the IUPAC name; generic or nonproprietary names, the most important of which are international nonproprietary names (INNs); and trade names, which are brand names. Under the INN system, generic names for drugs are constructed out of affixes and stems that classify the drugs into useful categories while keeping related names distinguishable.
