Diatonic and chromaticDiatonic and chromatic are terms in music theory that are most often used to characterize scales, and are also applied to musical instruments, intervals, chords, notes, musical styles, and kinds of harmony. They are very often used as a pair, especially when applied to contrasting features of the common practice music of the period 1600–1900. These terms may mean different things in different contexts. Very often, diatonic refers to musical elements derived from the modes and transpositions of the "white note scale" C–D–E–F–G–A–B.
Canon (musique)vignette|droite| Tout par compas suy composés (folio 12). Canon circulaire de Baude Cordier, extrait du Codex Chantilly, manuscrit du . Un canon (en kanōn « règle, précepte ») est un procédé de composition musicale contrapuntique dans laquelle plusieurs voix, vocales ou instrumentales, jouent ou chantent une imitation de la mélodie, mais de manière différée. C'est la forme la plus stricte de l'imitation polyphonique. Dans ses origines, la construction du canon se détermine entièrement par l'invention de la mélodie qui donne la règle aux autres voix.
Consonance and dissonanceIn music, consonance and dissonance are categorizations of simultaneous or successive sounds. Within the Western tradition, some listeners associate consonance with sweetness, pleasantness, and acceptability, and dissonance with harshness, unpleasantness, or unacceptability, although there is broad acknowledgement that this depends also on familiarity and musical expertise. The terms form a structural dichotomy in which they define each other by mutual exclusion: a consonance is what is not dissonant, and a dissonance is what is not consonant.
