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The substitution of CFC refrigerants in refrigeration systems, heat pumps and organic Rankine cycles, requests a good knowledge of the heat transfer and pressure drop properties of substitute fluids. A contribution to this international effort is proposed ...
After an experimental study of refrigerants HFC-134a, HCFC-123, HFC- 404A and HFC-407C, and considerable modifications to the test stand, LENI has undertaken a new experimental program and has assembled a large new database for evaporation of ammonia and t ...
The substitution of CFC refrigerants in refrigeration systems, heat pumps and organic Rankine cycles for heat recovery, requires good methods for predicting heat transfer of substitute fluids. The measurements in the LENI test facility (concentric tubes wi ...
7-Halo-7-methylnorcaranes (I) and 7,7-dimethylnorcarane (II) are formed via replacement of halogen by Me during the reaction of cyclohexene (III) with carbenes (carbenoids) and MeLi. Thus, III is treated with CHClF2 or CCl2F2 and MeLi to give a mixt. of 7- ...
This article presents experimental results of heat transfer from two different studies [1, 2] for horizontal flow boiling inside smooth copper tubes with different refrigerants. The main goal of this study was to verify the influence of the saturation temp ...
The capacities of performance improvements of low and mid-size heat pumps are studied in this project. For the new buildings market, the components of the heat pump match already well the requirements for high performance and monovalent heating. Minor impr ...
Providing heat pumps for the retrofit of fuel based boilers in residential heating, is a short or medium term challenge and a major opportunity for a substantial reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. While effective solutions for improved high temperature ...
Flow pattern data for horizontal intube flow boiling are presented for refrigerants R-134a and R-402 (60/2/38). The flow pattern observations were compared with various criteria for determining whether the entire circumference of a horizontal evaporator tu ...