In information technology, a trailer or footer refers to supplemental data (metadata) placed at the end of a block of data being stored or transmitted, which may contain information for the handling of the data block, or simply mark the block's end.
In data transmission, the data following the end of the header and preceding the start of the trailer is called the payload or body.
It is vital that trailer composition follow a clear and unambiguous specification or , to allow for parsing. If a trailer is not removed properly, or part of the payload is removed thinking it is a trailer, it can cause confusion.
The trailer contains information concerning the destination of a packet being sent over a network so for instance in the case of emails the destination of the email is contained in the trailer
In data transfer, the OSI model's data link layer adds a trailer at the end of frames of the data encapsulation.
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In computing and telecommunications, the payload is the part of transmitted data that is the actual intended message. Headers and metadata are sent only to enable payload delivery. In the context of a computer virus or worm, the payload is the portion of the malware which performs malicious action. The term is borrowed from transportation, where payload refers to the part of the load that pays for transportation. In computer networking, the data to be transmitted is the payload.
thumb|upright|Connecteurs RJ-45 servant à la connexion des réseaux informatiques via Ethernet. thumb|upright Un réseau informatique ( ou DCN) est un ensemble d'équipements reliés entre eux pour échanger des informations. Par analogie avec un (un réseau est un « petit rets », c'est-à-dire un petit filet), on appelle nœud l'extrémité d'une connexion, qui peut être une intersection de plusieurs connexions ou équipements (un ordinateur, un routeur, un concentrateur, un commutateur).
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Neural networks have been traditionally considered robust in the sense that their precision degrades gracefully with the failure of neurons and can be compensated by additional learning phases. Nevertheless, critical applications for which neural networks ...
In this paper a class of discretized piecewise linear chaotic maps of a very high dimensions are used for communication over a noisy channel. An information payload that is sent over a channel is controlled in the transmitter and is related to the symbolic ...
2006
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In this paper, the authors examine the use of chaotic systems based on the iteration of 1-D and 2-D piecewise linear chaotic maps in a coded modulation scheme. In the proposed scheme, the transmitted information is imposed on the dynamics of the chaotic sy ...