Social conflict theory is a Marxist-based social theory which argues that individuals and groups (social classes) within society interact on the basis of conflict rather than consensus. Through various forms of conflict, groups will tend to attain differing amounts of material and non-material resources (e.g. the wealthy vs. the poor). More powerful groups will tend to use their power in order to retain power and exploit groups with less power.
Conflict theorists view conflict as an engine of change, since conflict produces contradictions which are sometimes resolved, creating new conflicts and contradictions in an ongoing dialectic. In the classic example of historical materialism, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels argued that all of human history is the result of conflict between classes, which evolved over time in accordance with changes in society's means of meeting its material needs, i.e. changes in society's mode of production.
Consider the relationship between the owner of a housing complex and a tenant in that same housing complex. A consensus theorist might suggest that the relationship between the owner and the tenant is founded on mutual benefit. In contrast, a conflict theorist might argue the relationship is based on a conflict in which the owner and tenant are struggling against each other. Their relationship is defined by the balance in their abilities to extract resources from each other, e.g. rent payments or a place to live. The bounds of the relationship are set where each is extracting the maximum possible amount of resources out of the other.
Conflict can take many forms and involve struggle over many different types of resources, including status. However, formal conflict theory had its foundations in the analysis of class conflict, and the example of the owner and the tenant can be understood in terms of class conflict. In class conflict, owners are likely to have relative advantages over non-owners. For example, the legal system underlying the relationship between the owner and tenant can be biased in favor of the owner.
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Ce cours constitue une introduction à l'étude sociale et culturelle des questions architecturales et urbaines. Il vise à familiariser l'étudiant-e avec les concepts et les méthodes des sciences social
Social conflict theory is a Marxist-based social theory which argues that individuals and groups (social classes) within society interact on the basis of conflict rather than consensus. Through various forms of conflict, groups will tend to attain differing amounts of material and non-material resources (e.g. the wealthy vs. the poor). More powerful groups will tend to use their power in order to retain power and exploit groups with less power.
Social theories are analytical frameworks, or paradigms, that are used to study and interpret social phenomena. A tool used by social scientists, social theories relate to historical debates over the validity and reliability of different methodologies (e.g. positivism and antipositivism), the primacy of either structure or agency, as well as the relationship between contingency and necessity.
thumb|Karl Marx et Friedrich Engels. Le marxisme est un courant de pensée politique, sociologique, philosophique, historique, anthropologique et économique fondé sur les idées de Karl Marx (et dans une moindre mesure de Friedrich Engels) et de ses continuateurs. Politiquement, le marxisme repose sur la participation au mouvement réel de la lutte des classes, afin de parvenir à une société sans classes sociales, sans patriarcat, démocratique, mettant fin à l'Etat et basée sur la propriété collective et démocratique des moyens de production en tant qu'étape succédant au capitalisme : le communisme.
Déplacer dans les préjugés et les stéréotypes dans les environnements d'apprentissage, en mettant l'accent sur les stratégies visant à réduire les préjugés et à améliorer les résultats d'apprentissage.