Arthroplastie

Résumé

L'arthroplastie consiste en la réfection chirurgicale d'une articulation avec ou sans implantation d'une prothèse. Voir aussi :

Orthopédie ** Prothèse articulaire (en général) ** Prothèse totale de hanche ** Prothèse du genou ** Prothèse de l'épaule ** Ligament croisé antérieur : "notchplasty" ou plastie de restauration de l'échancrure fémorale

Catégorie:Traitement chirurgical

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthroplastie

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Micromotion measurement around femoral stem for the long-term success of total hip arthroplasty

The primary stability of cementless femoral components is crucial for the long-term success of total hip arthroplasty. The mechanisms which influence this stability are not yet well understood. However, mechanical environment in peri-implant tissue is known to be a key parameter in this context. Particularly, implant loading induces local micromotions at the bone-implant interface and affects the stability of the implant. In this project we are interested to characterize these micromotions and to interpret them into clinical solutions. In the first part of the project, we propose to design a loading device which allows to apply loads on bones in-vitro and to generate these micromotions. In the second part, student will use the microCT scan system to take images of bone under different loads and finally a home-made algorithm should be developed for micromotion measurement and statistical analyses. The work uses both biomechanics and image processing principles.

2012

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Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins2014

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Posterior eccentric glenoid wear is associated with higher complication rates after shoulder arthroplasty. The recently reported association between the acromion shape and glenoid retroversion in both normal and osteoarthritic shoulders remains controversial. The three-dimensional coordinates of the angulus acromialis (AA) and acromioclavicular joint were examined in the scapular coordinate system. Four acromion angles were defined from these two acromion landmarks: the acromion posterior angle (APA), acromion tilt angle (ATA), acromion length angle (ALA), and acromion axial tilt angle (AXA). Shoulder computed tomography scans of 112 normal scapulae and 125 patients with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis were analyzed with simple and stepwise multiple linear regressions between all morphological acromion parameters and glenoid retroversion. In normal scapulae, the glenoid retroversion angle was most strongly correlated with the posterior extension of the AA (R-2 = 0.48, p < 0.0001), which can be conveniently characterized by the APA. Combining the APA with the ALA and ATA helped slightly improve the correlation (R-2 = 0.55, p < 0.0001), but adding the AXA did not. In osteoarthritic scapulae, a critical APA > 15 degrees was found to best identify glenoids with a critical retroversion angle > 8 degrees. The APA is more strongly associated with the glenoid retroversion angle in normal than primary osteoarthritic scapulae.

MDPI2022

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