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Background Universal access to basic sanitation remains a global challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Efforts are underway to improve access to sanitation in informal settlements, often through shared facilities. However, access to ...
water scarcity, millions of people are subject to insufficient access to safe drinking water and sanitation services in Lebanon. Too often, water scarcity is interpreted as a natural phenomena or the result of technical failures, neglecting the fact that i ...
Sanitation planning and management is a complex problem, especially in emergency contexts such as refugee camps. Camp 18 of the Cox’s Bazar refugee camp has over 27 000 inhabitants, who have access to 1931 latrines from which the sludge is treated in a cen ...
Container-based sanitation (CBS) within a comprehensive service system value chain offers a low-cost sanitation option with potential for revenue generation, but may increase microbial health risks to sanitation service workers. This study assessed occupat ...
To inform the development of global wastewater monitoring systems, we surveyed programmes in 43 countries. Most programmes monitored predominantly urban populations. In high-income countries (HICs), composite sampling at centralised treatment plants was mo ...
The Covid-19 pandemic brought to light the social inequalities and exposed frailties in the access to certain fundamental human rights, such as access to health and mobility. The type of housing, sanitation level, mobility, and urban structures play an ess ...
Waterborne enteric viruses in lakes, especially at recreational water sites, may have a negative impact on human health. However, their fate and transport in lakes are poorly understood. In this study, we propose a coupled water quality and quantitative mi ...
Infectious disease transmission is frequently mediated by the environment, where people's movements through and interactions with the environment dictate risks of infection and/or illness. Capturing these interactions, and quantifying their importance, off ...
What is the goal of a five-day seminar for the (architectural) design of a ‘water and sanitation hub’ in Mali? What does one want to achieve, or rather, what is the seminar meant to ‘disseminate’? To begin with, what is a ‘water and sanitation hub’? It is ...
On-site sanitation technologies such as pit latrines are widely used in low-and middle-income countries. In emergency situations, after a disaster leading to an important displacement of persons, pit latrines are often the sanitation facilities built in ca ...