Êtes-vous un étudiant de l'EPFL à la recherche d'un projet de semestre?
Travaillez avec nous sur des projets en science des données et en visualisation, et déployez votre projet sous forme d'application sur GraphSearch.
Concept
Breast cancer classification
Résumé
Breast cancer classification divides breast cancer into categories according to different schemes criteria and serving a different purpose. The major categories are the histopathological type, the grade of the tumor, the stage of the tumor, and the expression of proteins and genes. As knowledge of cancer cell biology develops these classifications are updated.
The purpose of classification is to select the best treatment. The effectiveness of a specific treatment is demonstrated for a specific breast cancer (usually by randomized, controlled trials). That treatment may not be effective in a different breast cancer. Some breast cancers are aggressive and life-threatening, and must be treated with aggressive treatments that have major adverse effects. Other breast cancers are less aggressive and can be treated with less aggressive treatments, such as lumpectomy.
Treatment algorithms rely on breast cancer classification to define specific subgroups that are each treated according to the best evidence available. Classification aspects must be carefully tested and validated, such that confounding effects are minimized, making them either true prognostic factors, which estimate disease outcomes such as disease-free or overall survival in the absence of therapy, or true predictive factors, which estimate the likelihood of response or lack of response to a specific treatment.
Classification of breast cancer is usually, but not always, primarily based on the histological appearance of tissue in the tumor. A variant from this approach, defined on the basis of physical exam findings, is that inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), a form of ductal carcinoma or malignant cancer in the ducts, is distinguished from other carcinomas by the inflamed appearance of the affected breast, which correlates with increased cancer aggressivity.
Breast cancers can be classified by different schemata. Each of these aspects influences treatment response and prognosis. Description of a breast cancer would optimally include all of these classification aspects, as well as other findings, such as signs found on physical exam.
Source officielle
À propos de ce résultat
Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.
Publications associées (1)
Breast texture synthesis and estimation of the role of the anatomy and tumor shape in the radiological detection process
Breast cancer is the most common, and the number one cause of death by cancer among women. However, when it is sufficiently early detected, heavy treatments can be avoided, and morbidity and mortality
EPFL2009Concepts associés (8)
Breast cancer classification
Breast cancer classification divides breast cancer into categories according to different schemes criteria and serving a different purpose. The major categories are the histopathological type, the grade of the tumor, the stage of the tumor, and the expression of proteins and genes. As knowledge of cancer cell biology develops these classifications are updated. The purpose of classification is to select the best treatment. The effectiveness of a specific treatment is demonstrated for a specific breast cancer (usually by randomized, controlled trials).
Male breast cancer
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a cancer in males that originates in their breasts. Males account for less than 1% of new breast cancers with about 20,000 new cases being diagnosed worldwide every year. Its incidence rates in males vs. females are, respectively, 0.4 and 66.7 per 100,000 person-years (person-years is the number of new cases divided by the product of the relevant population's size multiplied by the average number of years of observation, i.e. new cases ÷ [population × years]).
Adénocarcinome
Un adénocarcinome est une tumeur maligne développée aux dépens d'un épithélium glandulaire. Le terme est à distinguer de celui d'adénome qui désigne une tumeur développée aux dépens d'un épithélium glandulaire, mais bénigne. En pratique, une tumeur est reconnue comme adénocarcinome lorsque son analyse microscopique anatomo-pathologique démontre un aspect de glande (tubes glandulaires) ou la présence de sécrétions mucineuses (muco-sécrétions).
Cours associés (3)
BIO-392: Oncology
This course provides a comprehensive overview of the biology of cancer, illustrating the mechanisms that cancer cells use to grow and disseminate at the expense of normal tissues and organs.
CH-313: Chemical biology
Closely interfacing with bioengineering and medicine, this course provides foundational concepts in applying small-molecule chemical toolsets to probe the functions of living systems at the mechanisti
BIO-471: Cancer biology I
The course covers in detail molecular mechanisms of cancer development with emphasis on cell cycle control, genome stability, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
Séances de cours associées (25)
Signalisation métabolique: Glycolyse et commutateurs de cancer
Explore la signalisation métabolique, la glycolyse, les interrupteurs de cancer, et une étude de cas sur l'agressivité tumorale du sein par la protéomique intégrée et la métabolomique.
Génomique du cancer: caractérisation moléculaire complète et évolution
Explore la caractérisation génomique complète, l'exclusivité mutuelle et l'évolution du cancer.
Outils de surveillance de l'énergie des cellules
Explore des outils pour surveiller l'état de l'énergie cellulaire et une étude de cas sur l'agressivité tumorale du sein.