Geochemical cycleIn Earth science, a geochemical cycle is the pathway that chemical elements take in the surface and crust of the Earth. The term "geochemical" tells us that geological and chemical factors are all included. The migration of heated and compressed chemical elements and compounds such as silicon, aluminium, and general alkali metals through the means of subduction and volcanism is known in the geological world as geochemical cycles. The geochemical cycle encompasses the natural separation and concentration of elements and heat-assisted recombination processes.
VolcanologieLa volcanologie (anciennement appelée vulcanologie jusqu'au milieu du ) est la science qui étudie le volcanisme : les volcans, geysers, fumerolles, éruptions volcaniques, magmas, laves, téphras, etc. Un volcanologue est le scientifique spécialiste de cette branche de la géologie liée à la géodynamique et à la géomorphologie. En 1858, le terme vulcanology apparait dans la littérature anglaise. En 1886, la forme a dérivé en volcanology. Ces termes sont francisés en vulcanologie puis volcanologie (orthographe attestée à partir de 1946).
GeoprofessionsGeoprofessions is a term coined by the Geoprofessional Business Association to connote various technical disciplines that involve engineering, earth and environmental services applied to below-ground ("subsurface"), ground-surface, and ground-surface-connected conditions, structures, or formations. The principal disciplines include, as major categories: geomatics engineering geotechnical engineering; geology and engineering geology; geological engineering; geophysics; geophysical engineering; environmental science and environmental engineering; construction-materials engineering and testing; and other geoprofessional services.
Geological engineeringGeological engineering is a discipline of engineering concerned with the application of geological science and engineering principles to fields, such as civil engineering, mining, environmental engineering, and forestry, among others. The work of geological engineers often directs or supports the work of other engineering disciplines such as assessing the suitability of locations for civil engineering, environmental engineering, mining operations, and oil and gas projects by conducting geological, geoenvironmental, geophysical, and geotechnical studies.
GeomathematicsGeomathematics (also: mathematical geosciences, mathematical geology, mathematical geophysics) is the application of mathematical methods to solve problems in geosciences, including geology and geophysics, and particularly geodynamics and seismology. Geophysical fluid dynamics develops the theory of fluid dynamics for the atmosphere, ocean and Earth's interior. Applications include geodynamics and the theory of the geodynamo. Geophysical inverse theory is concerned with analyzing geophysical data to get model parameters.
