Bear-baiting

Bear-baiting is a blood sport in which a chained bear and one or more dogs are forced to fight one another. It may also involve pitting a bear against another animal. Until the 19th century, it was commonly performed in Great Britain, Sweden, India, Pakistan, and Mexico among others. Today, "bear baiting" most commonly refers to the practice of using edible bait to lure bears into an area for hunting. Bear-baiting in all forms has been subject to controversy and debate among animal rights advocates for centuries. Bear-baiting was very popular from the 12th until the 19th century. From the sixteenth century, many bears were maintained for baiting. In its best-known form, arenas for this purpose were called bear-gardens, consisting of a circular high fenced area, the "pit", and raised seating for spectators. A post would be set in the ground towards the edge of the pit and the bear chained to it, either by the leg or neck. Several well-trained fighting or baiting dogs, usually Old English Bulldogs, would then be set on it, being replaced as they got tired or were wounded or killed. In some cases the bear was let loose, allowing it to chase after animals or people. For a long time, the main bear-garden in London was the Paris Garden, a section of the Bankside lying to the west of The Clink, at Southwark. Henry VIII was a fan and had a bear pit constructed at his Palace of Whitehall. Elizabeth I was also fond of the entertainment; it featured regularly in her tours. When an attempt was made to ban bear-baiting on Sundays, she overruled Parliament. Robert Laneham's letter describes the spectacle presented by Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester at Kenilworth Castle in 1575: Thursday, the fourteenth of July, and the sixth day of her Majesty are coming, a great sort of bandogs [mastiff] was then tied in the outer court and thirteen bears in the inner ... Well, the bears were brought forth into the court, the dogs set to them, to argue the points even face to face.

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Concepts associés (3)

Bear-baiting

Combat de coqs

vignette|right|Combat de coqs au Tamil Nadu, en Inde. Le combat de coqs est un type de combat d’animaux qui consiste à faire s'affronter deux coqs domestiques préparés aux combats sur une aire circulaire prévue à cet effet (appelée gallodrome dans le Nord de la France, gallodrome ou « pitt » aux Antilles et « rond » à la Réunion). Cette pratique ancienne est controversée en raison des souffrances et parfois des morts qu'elle entraîne, tant et si bien qu'elle est interdite dans de nombreux pays.

Cruauté envers les animaux

vignette|Maltraitance d’un singe, dans un laboratoire de recherche comportementale, en 1981. vignette|Éléphanteau entraîné à exécuter un numéro de cirque. vignette|Un cheval subissant de la négligence ; il est en sous-nutrition. La cruauté envers un animal, ou maltraitance envers un animal, est le fait qu'un être humain fasse subir à un animal, qu'il soit sauvage, domestique, apprivoisé ou tenu en captivité, un acte visant à lui faire du mal ou à le tuer de façon inappropriée, que ce soit sous forme active (par le biais d'armes, de coups, de blessures) ou sous forme passive (négligence).