Moteur de base de données

En informatique, un moteur de base de données ou moteur de stockage (anglais database engine ou storage engine) est un composant logiciel qui contrôle, lit, enregistre et trie des informations dans une ou plusieurs bases de données. Le moteur de base de données est le composant central d'un système de gestion de base de données. C'est un composant essentiel des systèmes d'informations, ainsi que de nombreux logiciels qui manipulent des grandes quantités de données (voir Informatique de gestion). La majorité des moteurs de base de données sont prévus pour manipuler les bases de données relationnelles. Le système de fichier est une forme primitive de base de données hiérarchique. Un composant moteur inclus dans le système d'exploitation, manipule le système de fichiers. Introduction Une base de données est un ensemble organisé d'informations. Un moteur de base de données est un composant logiciel utilisé par d'autres logiciels pour manipuler le contenu des bases de données.

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The Bionic DBMS is Coming, but What Will It Look Like?

Frederick Ryan Johnson, Ippokratis Pandis

Software has always ruled database engines, and commodity processors riding Moore's Law doomed database machines of the 1980s from the start. However, today's hardware landscape is very different, and moving in directions that make database machines increasingly attractive. Stagnant clock speeds, looming dark silicon, availability of reconfigurable hardware, and the economic clout of cloud providers all align to make custom database hardware economically viable or even necessary. Dataflow workloads (business intelligence and streaming) already benefit from emerging hardware support. In this paper, we argue that control flow workloads with their corresponding latencies are another feasible target for hardware support. To make our point, we outline a transaction processing architecture that offloads much of its functionality to reconfigurable hardware. We predict a convergence to fully "bionic" database engines that implement nearly all key functionality directly in hardware and relegate software to a largely managerial role.

2013

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Fighting Back: Using Observability Tools to Improve the DBMS (Not Just Diagnose It)

Frederick Ryan Johnson

Observability tools increase the transparency of the system and help practitioners identify a wide variety of bugs and bottlenecks. In this paper we claim that such tools (DTrace, in our case) can play a much more active role: the same features which allow effective, but largely passive, measurement also have the potential to provide a powerful tool for actively improving the system. This capability proves particularly useful with database engines, which have complexity approaching that of operating systems but are nevertheless hosted by -- and often impeded by -- an underlying OS. We illustrate our point with several non-traditional use cases for DTrace where the DBMS and OS communicate, leading to elegant solutions for OS-DBMS interaction problems that are otherwise difficult to solve.

ACM2012

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Improving OLTP Scalability Using Speculative Lock Inheritance

Anastasia Ailamaki, Frederick Ryan Johnson, Ippokratis Pandis

Transaction processing workloads provide ample request level concurrency which highly parallel architectures can exploit. However, the resulting heavy utilization of core database services also causes resource contention within the database engine itself and limits scalability. Meanwhile, many database workloads consist of short transactions which access only a few database records each, often with stringent response time requirements. Performance of these short transactions is determined largely by the amount of overhead the database engine imposes for services such as logging, locking, and transaction management. This paper highlights the negative scalability impact of database locking, an effect which is especially severe for short transactions running on highly concurrent multicore hardware. We propose and evaluate Speculative Lock Inheritance, a technique where hot database locks pass directly from transaction to transaction, bypassing the lock manager bottleneck. We implement SLI in the Shore-MT storage manager and show that lock inheritance fundamentally improves scalability by decoupling the number of simultaneous requests for popular locks from the number of threads in the system, eliminating contention within the lock manager even as core counts continue to increase. We achieve this effect with only minor changes to the lock manager and without changes to consistency or other application-visible effects.

2009

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Base de données

Une base de données permet de stocker et de retrouver des données structurées, semi-structurées ou des données brutes ou de l'information, souvent en rapport avec un thème ou une activité ; celles-c

MySQL

MySQL (prononcer []) est un système de gestion de bases de données relationnelles (SGBDR). Il est distribué sous une double licence GPL et propriétaire. Il fait partie des logiciels de gestion de base

NoSQL

En informatique et en bases de données, NoSQL désigne une famille de systèmes de gestion de base de données (SGBD) qui s'écarte du paradigme classique des bases relationnelles. L'explicitation la plus

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CS-422: Database systems

This course is intended for students who want to understand modern large-scale data analysis systems and database systems. It covers a wide range of topics and technologies, and will prepare students to be able to build such systems as well as read and understand recent research publications.