Akhira

al-Ākhirah (الآخرة, derived from Akhir which means last, ultimate, end or close) is an Arabic term for "the Hereafter". In Islamic eschatology, on the Day of Last Judgment, the natural or temporal world (dunya) will come to an end, the dead will be resurrected from their graves, and God will pronounce judgment on their deeds, consigning them for eternity to either the delights of jannah (paradise) or the flames of hellfire of jahannam. The belief that death is not the end of existence, but a transferral from the temporal world to the everlasting world, (al-Ākhirah), is a belief Islam shares with other Abrahamic religions such as Judaism and Christianity. Al-Ākhirah is referenced dozens of times in the Quran in numerous surahs where among other things, believers are told it makes "the enjoyment of this worldly life" (dunya) appear "insignificant" (Q.9:38). In connection with the Last Judgment, it is traditionally considered to be one of the six essential beliefs of Muslims, (along with Tawhid (monotheism), angels, the four Revealed Books (Injeel, Taurait, Quran and Zabur), prophets and messengers, and predestination). In Islamic doctrine, Al-Akhirah is necessary because the pious often suffer and unbelievers often prosper and enjoy themselves in the temporal world. To rectify that and to bring justice, Al-Akhirah with rewards of Jannah and punishment of Jahannam is necessary. In the Quran, dunya is contrasted with akhira as "now" v. "later" and also as something negative v. something positive. The Quran acknowledges the "necessity" of dunya for "carrying out the divine will", where duties should not be neglected, saying: "Ordain for us the good in this world [al-dunya] and in the hereafter [al-akhira]" (Q.7:156); and Muslim intellectuals (such as Muhammad Darwazah) have emphasized the importance of dunya in Islam: "'Islam is a religion of the world (din al-dunya), of government, society, moral order, to the same extent as it is a religion of faith and belief and the next world (din al-akhirah).