NeuropathologieLa neuropathologie est le domaine de la pathologie qui étudie les altérations morphologiques macroscopiques et microscopiques tissulaires et cellulaires observées dans les maladies du système nerveux central et périphérique. Les maladies musculaires sont traditionnellement rattachées au domaine de la neuropathologie (myopathologie). Contrairement aux disciplines cliniques apparentées que sont la neurologie, la neurochirurgie et la psychiatrie, la neuropathologie est une spécialité théorique : elle sert de base aux trois autres pour la prévention, le diagnostic et le traitement des affections rencontrées dans ces spécialités.
American Board of Psychiatry and NeurologyThe American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Inc. (ABPN) is a not-for-profit corporation that was founded in 1934 following conferences of committees appointed by the American Psychiatric Association, the American Neurological Association, and the then "Section on Nervous and Mental Diseases" of the American Medical Association. This action was taken as a method of identifying qualified specialists in psychiatry and neurology. The ABPN is one of 24 member boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties.
Neuropsychological assessmentNeuropsychological assessment was traditionally carried out to assess the extent of impairment to a particular skill and to attempt to determine the area of the brain which may have been damaged following brain injury or neurological illness. With the advent of neuroimaging techniques, location of space-occupying lesions can now be more accurately determined through this method, so the focus has now moved on to the assessment of cognition and behaviour, including examining the effects of any brain injury or neuropathological process that a person may have experienced.
SéquelleEn médecine, on qualifie de séquelle un trouble inhérent à un problème de santé qui persiste après guérision de la cause première. Ladite séquelle peut être transitoire (ex : toux « chant du coq » pouvant durer jusqu'à quelques semaines après rémission de l'infection dans la coqueluche) ou permanente (ex : amputation traumatique de cause accidentelle). D'un point de vue médical, une séquelle est un symptôme, un handicap ou une simple trace, invalidante ou non, qui apparaît pendant le trouble et persiste au-delà de la rémission.
Harvard Medical SchoolLa Harvard Medical School (HMS) est la faculté de médecine de l’université Harvard située à Boston dans le Massachusetts. Elle a été fondée en 1782 et est considérée comme l'une des plus prestigieuses des États-Unis. Elle se trouve dans la Longwood Medical and Academic Area de Boston. vignette|gauche|Le Massachusetts Medical College sur Mason Street à Boston vers 1824. La faculté de médecine de l'université Harvard est la troisième plus ancienne aux États-Unis, fondée le par John Warren, Benjamin Waterhouse et Aaron Dexter.
Neuromuscular medicineNeuromuscular medicine is a subspecialty of neurology and physiatry that focuses the diagnosis and management of neuromuscular diseases. The field encompasses issues related to both diagnosis and management of these conditions, including rehabilitation interventions to optimize the quality of life of individuals with these conditions. This field encompasses disorders that impact both adults and children and which can be inherited or acquired, typically from an autoimmune disease.
Hospital medicineHospital medicine is a medical specialty that exists in some countries as a branch of family medicine or internal medicine, dealing with the care of acutely ill hospitalized patients. Physicians whose primary professional focus is caring for hospitalized patients only while they are in the hospital are called hospitalists. Originating in the United States, this type of medical practice has extended into Australia and Canada. The vast majority of physicians who refer to themselves as hospitalists focus their practice upon hospitalized patients.
HypoesthesiaHypoesthesia or numbness is a common side effect of various medical conditions that manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli. In everyday speech this is generally referred to as numbness. Hypoesthesia primarily results from damage to nerves, and from blockages in blood vessels, resulting in ischemic damage to tissues supplied by the blocked blood vessels. This damage is detectable through the use of various imaging studies.
Global mental healthGlobal mental health is the international perspective on different aspects of mental health. It is 'the area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving mental health and achieving equity in mental health for all people worldwide'. There is a growing body of criticism of the global mental health movement, and has been widely criticised as a neo-colonial or "missionary" project and as primarily a front for pharmaceutical companies seeking new clients for psychiatric drugs.
Sleep studyA sleep study is a test that records the activity of the body during sleep. There are five main types of sleep studies that use different methods to test for different sleep characteristics and disorders. These include simple sleep studies, polysomnography, multiple sleep latency tests (MSLTs), maintenance of wakefulness tests (MWTs), and home sleep tests (HSTs). In medicine, sleep studies have been useful in identifying and ruling out various sleep disorders.
