Papille dentaire

In embryology and prenatal development, the dental papilla is a condensation of ectomesenchymal cells called odontoblasts, seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. It lies below a cellular aggregation known as the enamel organ. The dental papilla appears after 8–10 weeks intra uteral life. The dental papilla gives rise to the dentin and pulp of a tooth. The enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental follicle together forms one unit, called the tooth germ. This is of importance because all the tissues of a tooth and its supporting structures form from these distinct cellular aggregations. Similar to dental follicle, the dental papilla has a very rich blood supply and provides nutrition to the enamel organ. Formation of dental papilla occurs in the Cap stage of Odontogenesis. The cap stage is the second stage of tooth development and occurs during the ninth or tenth week of prenatal development. Unequal proliferation of the tooth bud forms a three-dimensional cap shape. Overlying this cap structure is the ectomesenchyme, which is attached to the mesodermal tissue known as the dental papilla superiorly, and lies within the epithelial concavity. Various types of differentiation occur at this stage; such as cytodifferentiation, histodifferentiation and morphodifferentation. Histodifferentiation is the differentiation of different tissue types during the development of an embryo/ undifferentiated group of cells. Furthermore, morphogenesis is a predominant physiological process during the cap stage. This is due to formation of primordium of the tooth. The primordium contains each of the primordial tissue types, essential for the development of successive teeth. These primordial tissues together form the enamel organ, dental papilla and dental sac. Also during the cap stage is the formation of a depression within the deepest part of each tooth bud of the dental lamina. The dental lamina is a band of epithelial tissue which connects the developing tooth bud to the oral epithelium.

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Publications associées (7)

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Public Library of Science2013

Patterning and shaping the endoderm in vivo and in culture

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Dent

thumb|upright=1.2|Dents de Piranha. thumb|Dents humaines. La dent est un organe dur et fortement minéralisé implanté dans le palais des raies, la gencive des requins ou les os des mâchoires supérieure et inférieure des autres vertébrés, et dont les fonctions principales sont de saisir, retenir, déchirer et broyer les aliments, mais aussi la défense contre les prédateurs ou les rivaux. Les dents sont souvent caractérisées par le régime alimentaire de l'espèce qui conditionne leur forme, leur nombre, leur implantation ou leur pérennité.

Ameloblast

Ameloblasts are cells present only during tooth development that deposit tooth enamel, which is the hard outermost layer of the tooth forming the surface of the crown. Each ameloblast is a columnar cell approximately 4 micrometers in diameter, 40 micrometers in length and is hexagonal in cross section. The secretory end of the ameloblast ends in a six-sided pyramid-like projection known as the Tomes' process. The angulation of the Tomes' process is significant in the orientation of enamel rods, the basic unit of tooth enamel.

Développement dentaire

Le développement dentaire ou odontogenèse est le processus complexe par lequel se forment, grandissent et apparaissent les dents dans la bouche. Afin que les dents humaines se développent dans un environnement buccal sain, l'émail, la dentine (ou l'ivoire), le cément et le parodonte doivent tous se développer aux stades adéquats du développement fœtal. Les dents de lait (ou déciduales, ou temporaires) commencent à se développer entre six et huit semaines de vie in utero et les dents définitives vers la vingtième semaine de grossesse.