Spin model

Résumé

A spin model is a mathematical model used in physics primarily to explain magnetism. Spin models may either be classical or quantum mechanical in nature. Spin models have been studied in quantum field theory as examples of integrable models. Spin models are also used in quantum information theory and computability theory in theoretical computer science. The theory of spin models is a far reaching and unifying topic that cuts across many fields. Introduction In ordinary materials, the magnetic dipole moments of individual atoms produce magnetic fields that cancel one another, because each dipole points in a random direction. Ferromagnetic materials below their Curie temperature, however, exhibit magnetic domains in which the atomic dipole moments are locally aligned, producing a macroscopic, non-zero magnetic field from the domain. These are the ordinary "magnets" with which we are all familiar. The study of the behavior of such "spin models" is a thriving area of research i

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The Renyi entanglement entropy in quantum many-body systems can be viewed as the difference in free energy between partition functions with different trace topologies. We introduce an external field lambda that controls the partition function topology, allowing us to define a notion of nonequilibrium work as lambda is varied smoothly. Nonequilibrium fluctuation theorems of the work provide us with statistically exact estimates of the Renyi entanglement entropy. This framework also naturally leads to the idea of using quench functions with spatially smooth profiles, providing us a way to average over lattice scale features of the entanglement entropy while preserving long distance universal information. We use these ideas to extract universal information from quantum Monte Carlo simulations of SU(N) spin models in one and two dimensions. The vast gain in efficiency of this method allows us to access unprecedented system sizes up to 192 x 96 spins for the square lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet.

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2020

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Motivated by the ongoing investigation of SrCu2(BO3)(2) under pressure, we study a variant of the two-dimensional Shastry-Sutherland (SS) spin-1/2 model with two types of dimers. Combined with the frustration of the SS model, this modification induces, in a large parameter range, a dimensional reduction at low energies, with nearly decoupled effective S = 1 Haldane chains forming along one of the diagonals of the lattice. We also present evidence that the intermediate plaquette solid phase of the undistorted SS model remains stable in a finite region of the phase diagram.

2011

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Building on a recent investigation of the Shastry-Sutherland model [S. Wessel et al., Phys. Rev. B 98, 174432 (2018)], we develop a general strategy to eliminate the Monte Carlo sign problem near the zero-temperature limit in frustrated quantum spin models. If the Hamiltonian of interest and the sign-problem-free Hamiltonian, obtained by making all off-diagonal elements negative in a given basis, have the same ground state and this state is a member of the computational basis, then the average sign returns to one as the temperature goes to zero. We illustrate this technique by studying the triangular and kagome lattice Heisenberg antiferrromagnet in a magnetic field above saturation, as well as the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a modified Husimi cactus in the dimer basis. We also provide detailed Appendices on using linear programming techniques to automatically generate efficient directed loop updates in quantum Monte Carlo simulations.

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2020

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