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Satellite-based retrievals of tropospheric NO(2)columns are widely used to infer NOx (equivalent to NO + NO2) emissions. These retrievals rely on model information for the vertical distribution of NO2. The free tropospheric background above 2 km is particu ...
COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH2023
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Low throughput is one of dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (dDNP) main shortcomings. Especially for clinical and preclinical applications, where direct 13C nuclei polarization is usually pursued, it takes hours to generate one single hyperpolarized ...
We propose a novel methodology – heat budget decomposition – to identify and quantify different deepwater-renewal processes during a very cold spell in 2012 in a large, deep lake (Lake Geneva, 309-m depth). Combined with field observations and numerical mo ...
2023
The atomic motion controls important properties of materials, such as thermal transport, phase transitions, and vibrational spectra. However, simulating the ionic dynamics is exceptionally challenging when quantum fluctuations are relevant (e.g., at low te ...
Aerosol hygroscopic growth and cloud droplet formation influence the radiation transfer budget of the atmosphere and thereby the climate. In the Arctic, these aerosol properties may have a more pronounced effect on the climate compared to the midlatitudes. ...
Some nuclear isomers are known to store a large amount of energy over long periods of time, with a very high energy-to-mass ratio. Here, we describe a protocol to achieve the external control of the isomeric nuclear decay by using electron vortex beams who ...
The Arctic environment is transforming rapidly due to climate change. Aerosols’ abundance and physicochemical characteristics play a crucial, yet uncertain, role in these changes due to their influence on the surface energy budget, and aerosol properties a ...
2023
In the present study, we present the aerosol optical properties and radiative forcing (RF) of the tropospheric and stratospheric smoke layers, observed by the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellite, during the ...
Despite a large number of studies, out of all drivers of radiative forcing, the effect of aerosols has the largest uncertainty in global climate model radiative forcing estimates. There have been studies of aerosol optical properties in climate models, but ...
Characteristics of the spent nuclear fuel (SNF) are typically calculated, requiring validation a priori. The validation process relies on the difference between calculations and measurements, namely the bias. Usually, predicting the bias based on benchmark ...