Focal adhesionIn cell biology, focal adhesions (also cell–matrix adhesions or FAs) are large macromolecular assemblies through which mechanical force and regulatory signals are transmitted between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and an interacting cell. More precisely, focal adhesions are the sub-cellular structures that mediate the regulatory effects (i.e., signaling events) of a cell in response to ECM adhesion. Focal adhesions serve as the mechanical linkages to the ECM, and as a biochemical signaling hub to concentrate and direct numerous signaling proteins at sites of integrin binding and clustering.
ParenchymeParenchyme est un terme employé dans différentes acceptions selon le domaine. Le terme provient du grec ancien παρεγχέω, parenkheô, épancher auprès (para = à côté, et egkheô = répandre). vignette|redresse=1.5|Méats bien visibles au niveau du parenchyme médullaire observé au microscope optique après coloration : la disposition des cellules non rayonnante conduit à la présence de ces méats au sein des parois, dans les zones de contact entre trois cellules.
Matrice (biologie)In biology, matrix (: matrices) is the material (or tissue) in between a eukaryotic organism's cells. The structure of connective tissues is an extracellular matrix. Fingernails and toenails grow from matrices. It is found in various connective tissues. It serves as a jelly-like structure instead of cytoplasm in connective tissue. Extracellular matrix The main ingredients of the extracellular matrix are glycoproteins secreted by the cells. The most abundant glycoprotein in the ECM of most animal cells is collagen, which forms strong fibers outside the cells.
DécorineLa décorine est une protéine humaine codée par le gène DCN situé sur le chromosome 12 humain. La décorine est un protéoglycane de poids moléculaire compris entre 90 et 140 kilodaltons (kD). Elle appartient à la famille des petits protéoglycanes riches en leucine (Small leucine-rich proteoglycan, SLRP); elle comprend un cœur protéique constitué de séquences de leucine répétées et d'une chaîne de glycosaminoglycane (GAG). La décorine est un petit protéoglycane de la matrice cellulaire ou péricellulaire.
AgrécaneAggrecan (ACAN), also known as cartilage-specific proteoglycan core protein (CSPCP) or chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACAN gene. This gene is a member of the lectican (chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan) family. The encoded protein is an integral part of the extracellular matrix in cartilagenous tissue and it withstands compression in cartilage. Aggrecan is a proteoglycan, or a protein modified with large carbohydrates; the human form of the protein is 2316 amino acids long and can be expressed in multiple isoforms due to alternative splicing.
