Bimaran casket

The Bimaran casket or Bimaran reliquary is a small gold reliquary for Buddhist relics that was removed from inside the stupa no.2 at Bimaran, near Jalalabad in eastern Afghanistan. When it was found by the archaeologist Charles Masson during his work in Afghanistan between 1833 and 1838, the casket contained coins of the Indo-Scythian king Azes II, though recent research by Robert Senior indicates Azes II never existed and finds attributed to his reign probably should be reassigned to Azes I. The most recent research however (2015) attributes the coins to Indo-Scythian king Kharahostes or his son Mujatria, who minted posthumous issues in the name of Azes. The Bimaran reliquary is sometimes dated, based on coinage analysis, to 0–15 CE (Fussman), more generally to 50–60 CE (British Museum), and sometimes much later (2nd century CE), based on artistic assumptions only. It is currently in the collections of the British Museum. The dating of this unique piece of art has a strong bearing on the chronology of Buddhist art and the creation of the Buddha image, as its advanced iconography implies that earlier forms had probably been existing for quite some time before. The casket is a small container reminiscent of the Pyxis of the Classical world. It was found without its lid. There is a lotus decorating the bottom. The casket features hellenistic representations of the Buddha (contrapposto pose, Greek himation, bundled hairstyle, wearing a moustache, realistic execution), surrounded by the Indian deities Brahma and Śakra, inside arched niches (called "homme arcade", or caitya) of Greco-Roman architecture. There are altogether eight figures in high-relief (two identical groups of Brahman-Buddha-Indra, and two devotees or Bodhisattvas in-between) and two rows of rubies from Badakhshan. Owing to their necklace, bracelets, and armbands, and halo, the two devotees are most probably representations of Bodhisattvas. They hold their hands together in a prayerful gesture of reverence, Añjali Mudrā.

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Concepts associés (11)

Kanishka Casket

The Kanishka casket or Kanishka reliquary, is a Buddhist reliquary made in gilded copper, and dated to the first year of the reign of the Kushan emperor Kanishka, in 127 CE. It is now in the Peshawar Museum in the historic city of Peshawar, Pakistan. It was discovered in a deposit chamber under the monumental Kanishka stupa (described by Chinese pilgrims in the 7th century as the tallest stupa in all India), during the archeological excavations in 1908-1909 in Shah-ji-Dheri on the outskirts of Peshawar.

Art bouddhique

L’art bouddhique naît dans le sous-continent indien, probablement durant les siècles suivant la mort du Bouddha historique ou Gautama Bouddha ( et ), bien que ses premières manifestations attestées par des découvertes archéologiques semblent dater du règne d'Ashoka. Une première phase, essentiellement indienne, appelée , durant laquelle la personne du Bouddha est évoquée par des symboles, est suivie vers le d'une durant laquelle apparaissent des représentations anthropomorphiques du Bouddha.

Reliquaire

Un reliquaire est un réceptacle, généralement un coffret, destiné à contenir une ou plusieurs reliques. La dévotion populaire cherchant à honorer ceux dont les restes mortels étaient préservés fit que tout un art se développa, créant des reliquaires en matériaux précieux de forme et style esthétique divers. Au sens originel du mot, un reliquaire (du latin reliquiarium) contient les reliques d'un saint. vignette|Chef-reliquaire de saint Piat (premier martyr de Tournai).