ProtestantismeLe protestantisme est l'une des principales branches du christianisme, avec le catholicisme et l'orthodoxie. Entendu largement, le protestantisme est l'ensemble des Églises issues de la Réforme. L'ensemble de ces Églises englobe des mouvements variés, tels les luthériens, presbytériens, réformés, anglicans, méthodistes... Il regroupe plus d'un tiers des chrétiens dans le monde, soit 900 millions de protestants, dont 300 millions dans les Églises directement influencées par la Réforme et 600 millions dans les nouvelles Églises protestantes, principalement évangéliques (dont l’anabaptisme, le baptisme et le pentecôtisme).
Progressive ChristianityProgressive Christianity represents a postmodern theological approach, and is not necessarily synonymous with progressive politics. It developed out of the liberal Christianity of the modern era, which was rooted in the Enlightenment's thinking. Progressive Christianity is a postliberal theological movement within Christianity that, in the words of Reverend Roger Wolsey, "seeks to reform the faith via the insights of post-modernism and a reclaiming of the truth beyond the verifiable historicity and factuality of the passages in the Bible by affirming the truths within the stories that may not have actually happened.
Liberal ChristianityLiberal Christianity, also known as Liberal Theology and historically as Christian Modernism (see Catholic modernism and Fundamentalist–Modernist controversy), is a movement that interprets Christian teaching by taking into consideration modern knowledge, science and ethics. It emphasizes the importance of reason and experience over doctrinal authority. Liberal Christians view their theology as an alternative to both atheistic rationalism and theologies based on traditional interpretations of external authority, such as the Bible or sacred tradition.
Separation of church and stateThe separation of church and state is a philosophical and jurisprudential concept for defining political distance in the relationship between religious organizations and the state. Conceptually, the term refers to the creation of a secular state (with or without legally explicit church-state separation) and to disestablishment, the changing of an existing, formal relationship between the church and the state. Although the concept is older, the exact phrase "separation of church and state" is derived from "wall of separation between church and state", a term coined by Thomas Jefferson.
