Concept
Surexploitation
Concepts associés (48)
Natural resource management
Natural resource management (NRM) is the management of natural resources such as land, water, soil, plants and animals, with a particular focus on how management affects the quality of life for both present and future generations (stewardship). Natural resource management deals with managing the way in which people and natural landscapes interact. It brings together natural heritage management, land use planning, water management, bio-diversity conservation, and the future sustainability of industries like agriculture, mining, tourism, fisheries and forestry.
Cascade effect (ecology)
An ecological cascade effect is a series of secondary extinctions that are triggered by the primary extinction of a key species in an ecosystem. Secondary extinctions are likely to occur when the threatened species are: dependent on a few specific food sources, mutualistic (dependent on the key species in some way), or forced to coexist with an invasive species that is introduced to the ecosystem. Species introductions to a foreign ecosystem can often devastate entire communities, and even entire ecosystems.
Ecological extinction
Ecological extinction is "the reduction of a species to such low abundance that, although it is still present in the community, it no longer interacts significantly with other species". Ecological extinction stands out because it is the interaction ecology of a species that is important for conservation work. They state that "unless the species interacts significantly with other species in the community (e.g. it is an important predator, competitor, symbiont, mutualist, or prey) its loss may result in little to no adjustment to the abundance and population structure of other species".
Érosion génétique
L'érosion génétique est la perte de diversité génétique entre et dans des populations au fil du temps, due à l'intervention humaine ou des modifications de l'environnement. Selon la FAO, le remplacement de variétés locales par des variétés améliorées ou exotiques est la principale cause de l'érosion génétique dans le monde. Commission des ressources génétiques pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture Catégorie:Mécanisme de l'évolution Catégorie:Sélection naturelle Catégorie:Génie génétique Catégorie:Génétique d
Sustainable yield
The sustainable yield is a form of sustainability that refers to the maximum harvest that does not deplete or over-harvest where the renewable resource can not grow back. In the simplest terms, sustainable yield is the largest amount of resource that humans can take or use without causing damage or allowing for a decline to happen in the specific population. In more formal terms, the sustainable yield of natural capital is the ecological yield that can be extracted without reducing the base of capital itself, i.
Population dynamics of fisheries
A fishery is an area with an associated fish or aquatic population which is harvested for its commercial or recreational value. Fisheries can be wild or farmed. Population dynamics describes the ways in which a given population grows and shrinks over time, as controlled by birth, death, and migration. It is the basis for understanding changing fishery patterns and issues such as habitat destruction, predation and optimal harvesting rates. The population dynamics of fisheries is used by fisheries scientists to determine sustainable yields.
Overpopulation
Overpopulation or overabundance is a phenomenon in which a species' population becomes larger than the carrying capacity of its environment. This may be caused by increased birth rates, lowered mortality rates, reduced predation or large scale migration, leading to an overabundant species and other animals in the ecosystem competing for food, space, and resources. The animals in an overpopulated area may then be forced to migrate to areas not typically inhabited, or die off without access to necessary resources.
Espèce en danger
vignette|Symbole « en danger » de la liste rouge de l'UICN. En biologie et écologie, l'expression « espèce en danger » s'applique à toute espèce risquant de disparaître à court ou moyen terme. Selon le congrès mondial de l'UICN de septembre 2016, , ce qu'un article du 10 août, dans la revue Nature traduit sous le titre « Les ravages des fusils, des filets et des bulldozers » aussi qualifiés de grands tueurs parmi les facteurs de régression de animales et végétales évaluées et classées en 2016 comme menacées ou quasi menacées de disparition sur la liste rouge de l'UICN.
Ecosystem management
Ecosystem management is an approach to natural resource management that aims to ensure the long-term sustainability and persistence of an ecosystem's function and services while meeting socioeconomic, political, and cultural needs. Although indigenous communities have employed sustainable ecosystem management approaches implicitly for millennia, ecosystem management emerged explicitly as a formal concept in the 1990s from a growing appreciation of the complexity of ecosystems and of humans' reliance and influence on natural systems (e.
Limites planétaires
vignette|Les limites planétaires et leur dépassement en 2022. Le cercle en pointillés représente l'estimation des limites de durabilité et les zones colorées l'estimation de leur état fin 2022, la couleur orange représentant un dépassement. Les neuf limites planétaires sont, dans le sens antihoraire et en partant du haut : (1) Changement climatique ; (2) Érosion de la biodiversité ; (3) Modifications des usages des sols ; (4) Pollution chimique (nouvelles entités) ; (5) Perturbation des cycles biochimiques de l'azote et du phosphore ; (6) Acidification des océans ; (7) Aérosols atmosphériques; (8) Diminution de la couche d’ozone ; (9) Utilisation d’eau douce.