Science attoseconde

Attosecond physics, also known as attophysics, or more generally attosecond science, is a branch of physics that deals with light-matter interaction phenomena wherein attosecond (10−18 s) photon pulses are used to unravel dynamical processes in matter with unprecedented time resolution. Attosecond science mainly employs pump–probe spectroscopic methods to investigate the physical process of interest. Due to the complexity of this field of study, it generally requires a synergistic interplay between state-of-the-art experimental setup and advanced theoretical tools to interpret the data collected from attosecond experiments. The main interests of attosecond physics are: Atomic physics: investigation of electron correlation effects, photo-emission delay and ionization tunneling. Molecular physics and molecular chemistry: role of electronic motion in molecular excited states (e.g. charge-transfer processes), light-induced photo-fragmentation, and light-induced electron transfer processes. Solid-state physics: investigation of exciton dynamics in advanced 2D materials, petahertz charge carrier motion in solids, spin dynamics in ferromagnetic materials. One of the primary goals of attosecond science is to provide advanced insights into the quantum dynamics of electrons in atoms, molecules and solids with the long-term challenge of achieving real-time control of the electron motion in matter. The current world record for the shortest light-pulse generated by human technology is 43 as. In 2022, Anne L'Huillier, Paul Corkum, Ferenc Krausz are awarded with the Wolf prize in physics for their pioneering contributions to ultrafast laser science and attosecond physics. The advent of broadband solid-state titanium-doped sapphire based (Ti:Sa) lasers (1986), chirped pulse amplification (CPA) (1988), spectral broadening of high-energy pulses (e.g.

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Science attoseconde

La science attoseconde, abrégé en l’attoseconde, est une science du comportement des molécules inventée par le professeur québécois André D. Bandrauk de l’université de Sherbrooke. Cette science est en quelque sorte une combinaison de chimie numérique, de physique quantique et de photonique moléculaire. En 2011, l’attoseconde a obtenu la deuxième place dans le palmarès des découvertes les plus importantes de l’année 2010 retenues par la revue québécoise La Recherche. Le professeur Bandrauk a reçu le prix Marie-Victorin 2010 pour ses découvertes.

Femtochimie

vignette|upright=1.5|Techniques pompe-sonde La femtochimie est la science qui s'intéresse aux réactions chimiques sur des échelles de temps extrêmement courtes, de l'ordre de 10−15 secondes (c'est-à-dire une femtoseconde, d'où le nom de cette science). Elle fait partie de la dynamique réactionnelle chimique. En 1999, Ahmed H. Zewail a reçu le prix Nobel de chimie pour ses travaux précurseurs dans le domaine.

Ultrashort pulse

In optics, an ultrashort pulse, also known as an ultrafast event, is an electromagnetic pulse whose time duration is of the order of a picosecond (10−12 second) or less. Such pulses have a broadband optical spectrum, and can be created by mode-locked oscillators. Amplification of ultrashort pulses almost always requires the technique of chirped pulse amplification, in order to avoid damage to the gain medium of the amplifier. They are characterized by a high peak intensity (or more correctly, irradiance) that usually leads to nonlinear interactions in various materials, including air.

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