A subcarrier is a sideband of a radio frequency carrier wave, which is modulated to send additional information. Examples include the provision of colour in a black and white television system or the provision of stereo in a monophonic radio broadcast. There is no physical difference between a carrier and a subcarrier; the "sub" implies that it has been derived from a carrier, which has been amplitude modulated by a steady signal and has a constant frequency relation to it.
Stereo broadcasting is made possible by using a subcarrier on FM radio stations, which takes the left channel and "subtracts" the right channel from it — essentially by hooking up the right-channel wires backward (reversing polarity) and then joining left and reversed-right. The result is modulated with suppressed carrier AM, more correctly called sum and difference modulation or SDM, at 38 kHz in the FM signal, which is joined at 2% modulation with the mono left+right audio (which ranges 50 Hz ~ 15 kHz). A 19 kHz pilot tone is also added at a 9% modulation to trigger radios to decode the stereo subcarrier, making FM stereo fully compatible with mono.
Once the receiver demodulates the L+R and L−R signals, it adds the two signals ([L+R] + [L−R] = 2L) to get the left channel and subtracts ([L+R] − [L−R] = 2R) to get the right channel. Rather than having a local oscillator, the 19 kHz pilot tone provides an in-phase reference signal used to reconstruct the missing carrier wave from the 38 kHz signal.
For AM broadcasting, different analog (AM stereo) and digital (HD Radio) methods are used to produce stereophonic audio. Modulated subcarriers of the type used in FM broadcasting are impractical for AM broadcast due to the relatively narrow signal bandwidth allocated for a given AM signal. On standard AM broadcast radios, the entire 9 kHz to 10 kHz allocated bandwidth of the AM signal may be used for audio.
Likewise, analog TV signals are transmitted with the black and white luminance part as the main signal, and the color chrominance as the subcarriers.
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vignette|Récepteur radio HD portable Sangean HDR-14 HD Radio est une technique qui permet aux stations de radio FM et AM de diffuser du son et des données via un signal numérique émis en conjonction avec leurs signaux analogiques habituels (technique dite in-band on-channel). La technique permet également une diffusion tout numérique, mais seul le mode hybride est utilisé actuellement. Le contenu diffusé actuellement est disponible sans abonnement, mais les auditeurs doivent s'équiper de récepteurs compatibles pour recevoir les signaux numériques.
Datacasting (data broadcasting) is the broadcasting of data over a wide area via radio waves. It most often refers to supplemental information sent by television stations along with digital terrestrial television (DTT), but may also be applied to digital signals on analog TV or radio. It generally does not apply to data which is inherent to the medium, such as PSIP data which defines virtual channels for DTT or direct broadcast satellite systems; or to things like cable modem or satellite modem, which use a completely separate channel for data.
La radio FM, inventée en 1933 par Edwin Armstrong, est un procédé de radiodiffusion de programmes radiophoniques en modulation de fréquence (ou FM pour Frequency Modulation) dans la gamme des très hautes fréquences (VHF, Very High Frequency). Elle est destinée à être reçue directement par le public et s'applique à la fois à la réception individuelle et à la réception communautaire. Dans la plupart des pays, c'est plus précisément la bande 87,5 – 108 MHz (VHF – bande II) qui est utilisée.
Explore la technologie Bluetooth, couvrant les types, les applications, la consommation d'énergie, les bandes de fréquences, la modulation et la coexistence avec le Wi-Fi.
We consider an uplink multicarrier system with multiple video users who want to send compressed video data to the base station. In the time domain, we model the time varying channel using Jakes’ model, and in the frequency domain, each subcarrier is assume ...
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers2015
This paper describes an all-digital backscatter modulation approach leveraging delta-sigma modulation (DSM) to improve the in-channel spectral characteristics of orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) backscatter communication. We demonstrate thr ...
This paper presents a new approach, named Rotation Invariant Subcarrier Mapping (RISM), to Peak-to-Average-Power-Ratio (PAPR) reduction in OFDM systems. This technique enables data transmission over those subcarrier which are dedicated to the PAPR reductio ...